Brea Lourdes, Yu Jindan
Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2025 Jan 2. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.12.003.
Prostate cancer (PC) is a notoriously immune-cold tumor in that it often lacks substantial infiltration by antitumor immune cells, and in advanced diseases such as neuroendocrine PC, it could be devoid of immune cells. A majority of PC patients thus have, unfortunately, been unable to benefit from recent advances in immunotherapies. What causes this immunosuppressive microenvironment around PC? In this review, we discuss various genetic and epigenetic regulators intrinsic to prostate tumor cells that could have profound effects on the tumor microenvironment, thus contributing to this immune-cold status. It will be essential to target the cancer cells themselves in order to change the tumor microenvironment to harness existing and developing immunotherapies that had great success in other tumors.
前列腺癌（PC）是一种出了名的免疫冷肿瘤，因为它通常缺乏抗肿瘤免疫细胞的大量浸润，而在神经内分泌性PC等晚期疾病中，它可能没有免疫细胞。不幸的是，大多数PC患者无法从免疫疗法的最新进展中获益。是什么导致了PC周围的这种免疫抑制微环境？在这篇综述中，我们讨论了前列腺肿瘤细胞固有的各种基因和表观遗传调节因子，这些因子可能对肿瘤微环境产生深远影响，从而导致这种免疫冷状态。为了改变肿瘤微环境以利用在其他肿瘤中取得巨大成功的现有和正在开发的免疫疗法，靶向癌细胞本身至关重要。
