Wang Zhaojie, Li Xiangyu, Li Junwei, Qiu Yuntao, Gu Tianlong, Wang Hailong
College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China.
Key Laboratory of Northwest Agricultural Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 3;15(1):691. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-80784-6.
In response to the rotary ploughing equipment in the stubble land to implement protective operations, the stubble is large in number and strong in toughness, not easy to crush, resulting in rotary ploughing equipment to produce entanglement and increased resistance to rotary ploughing and other issues. In this study, researchers designed a bionic rotary tillage blade (B-RTB) based on the bionic structural equations of the Marmota claw. A straw-soil complex shear performance test was conducted to investigate the effect of straw on soil shear strength. Based on EDEM software, we constructed a soil-rotary tillage cutter-straw interaction model, carried out straw-soil-rotary tillage cutter interaction mechanism analysis. Conducted a three-factor, three-level quadratic regression orthogonal test with the bionic rotary tillage blade (B-RTB) bending angle, tine spacing, and cutter roller rotational speed as the test factors, and with the rotary tillage torque and the number of straw contact bond breaks as the response indexes to determine the optimal parameter combinations of the rotary tillage torque and the number of straw contact bond breaks. Soil bin tests were conducted to verify the anti-entanglement and drag reduction performance of the bionic rotary tillage blade (B-RTB). The straw-soil composite shear performance test showed that: under the same positive pressure, when the straw content increased from 0 to 0.5%, the shear strength of the straw-containing soil composite was proportional to the vertical pressure. The results of the orthogonal test showed that under the conditions of rotary ploughing operation with straw spreading, the bending angle of 122°, the tine spacing of 14.5 mm, and the cutter roll speed of 255 r·min were the better parameter combinations, at which time the minimum rotary torque of 15.327 N·m was achieved, and the maximum number of straw contact bond breaks was 2443. In the soil bin test, compared with the conventional rotary tillage blade (C-RTB), the rotary torque of the bionic rotary tillage blade (B-RTB) was reduced by 6.50%. When no straw was laid, and the rotary torque of the bionic rotary tillage blade (B-RTB) was reduced by 9.45% and the straw breakage rate was increased by 6.67% when straw was laid, which effectively realized the requirements of the rotary tillage anti-entanglement and obstruction reduction technology. The results of this study can provide a reference for the visualization of touchdown components and the analysis of rotary tillage interaction mechanisms in mixed material operating systems.
针对茬地旋耕设备进行保护性作业时，秸秆数量多且韧性强、不易粉碎，导致旋耕设备产生缠草、旋耕阻力增大等问题。在本研究中，研究人员基于旱獭爪的仿生结构方程设计了一种仿生旋耕刀（B-RTB）。进行了秸秆-土壤复合体剪切性能试验，以研究秸秆对土壤抗剪强度的影响。基于EDEM软件，构建了土壤-旋耕刀具-秸秆相互作用模型，开展了秸秆-土壤-旋耕刀具相互作用机理分析。以仿生旋耕刀（B-RTB）的弯曲角度、齿间距和刀辊转速为试验因素，以旋耕扭矩和秸秆接触粘结断裂次数为响应指标，进行三因素三水平二次回归正交试验，确定旋耕扭矩和秸秆接触粘结断裂次数的最优参数组合。进行了土槽试验，验证仿生旋耕刀（B-RTB）的防缠草和减阻性能。秸秆-土壤复合体剪切性能试验表明：在相同正压力下，当秸秆含量从0增加到0.5%时，含秸秆土壤复合体的抗剪强度与垂直压力成正比。正交试验结果表明，在秸秆还田旋耕作业条件下，弯曲角度122°、齿间距14.5 mm、刀辊转速255 r·min为较优参数组合，此时旋耕扭矩最小为15.327 N·m，秸秆接触粘结断裂次数最多为2443次。在土槽试验中，与传统旋耕刀（C-RTB）相比，仿生旋耕刀（B-RTB）的旋耕扭矩降低了6.50%。在不铺秸秆时，仿生旋耕刀（B-RTB）的旋耕扭矩降低了9.45%，铺秸秆时秸秆破碎率提高了6.67%，有效实现了旋耕防缠草减阻技术要求。本研究结果可为混合物料作业系统中触地部件的可视化及旋耕相互作用机理分析提供参考。
