Long Zheng, Qiu Yujie, Long Zhenghao, Jin Zicheng
Medical Affairs Office, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
BMC Cancer. 2025 Jan 6;25(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s12885-024-13336-w.
Breast cancer is a major global public health concern and a major cause of cancer-related mortality. In 2020, 8.3% of the total breast cancer deaths worldwide were reported from China, which highlighted the need to understand the epidemiological trends of breast cancer within the country. Therefore, this study aimed to analyse the trends in the breast cancer burden in China from 1990 to 2021 and compare them with global trends to provide insights for future prevention and control strategies.
Data were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease database 2021, which includes comprehensive information on the disease burden across 204 countries from 1990 to 2021. We analysed six key indicators: the mortality, prevalence, incidence, disability-adjusted life years, years lived with disability, and years of life lost. Age-standardized rates were analysed using the global age structure as a reference. Joinpoint regression was employed to assess the annual percentage change and average annual percentage change.
In 2021, 3.75 million prevalent breast cancer cases, with 385,837 new breast cancer cases and 88,106 deaths due to breast cancer, were reported from China. The crude rates of the prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years, years lived with disability, and years of life lost significantly increased in 2021 compared with 1990. The age-standardized rates per 100,000 women were 355.72 for prevalence (+ 103.22% from 1990), 37.00 for incidence (107.40%), 8.24 for mortality (-8.24%), 281.54 for disability-adjusted life years (-6.68%), 25.86 for years lived with disability (110.24%), and 255.69 for years of life lost (-11.62%). The burden of breast cancer has notably increased among the women above 40 years of age, peaking between the ages of 50 and 59 years, and the proportion of cases in women under 40 years has decreased.
The age-standardized rate of the mortality, disability-adjusted life years, and years of life lost of breast cancer decreased slightly in China; however, the age-standardized rate of the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability exhibited an upward trend between 1990 and 2021, thereby highlighting the need to improve treatment outcomes and formulate better policies for the prevention and control of breast cancer in China.
乳腺癌是全球主要的公共卫生问题，也是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。2020年，全球乳腺癌死亡总数的8.3%来自中国，这凸显了了解中国国内乳腺癌流行病学趋势的必要性。因此，本研究旨在分析1990年至2021年中国乳腺癌负担的趋势，并与全球趋势进行比较，为未来的预防和控制策略提供见解。
数据来源于《2021年全球疾病负担》数据库，该数据库包含了1990年至2021年204个国家疾病负担的综合信息。我们分析了六个关键指标：死亡率、患病率、发病率、伤残调整生命年、带病生存年数和寿命损失年数。采用全球年龄结构作为参考来分析年龄标准化率。使用Joinpoint回归来评估年度百分比变化和平均年度百分比变化。
2021年，中国报告了375万例乳腺癌现患病例，385837例新发病例以及88106例乳腺癌死亡病例。与1990年相比，2021年患病率、发病率、死亡率、伤残调整生命年、带病生存年数和寿命损失年数的粗率显著增加。每10万名女性的年龄标准化率分别为：患病率355.72（较1990年增长103.22%），发病率37.00（增长107.40%），死亡率8.24（下降8.24%），伤残调整生命年281.54（下降6.68%），带病生存年数25.86（增长110.24%），寿命损失年数255.69（下降11.62%）。40岁以上女性的乳腺癌负担显著增加，在50至59岁之间达到峰值，40岁以下女性的病例比例有所下降。
中国乳腺癌的年龄标准化死亡率、伤残调整生命年和寿命损失年数略有下降；然而，1990年至2021年期间，年龄标准化发病率、患病率和带病生存年数呈上升趋势，从而凸显了改善中国乳腺癌治疗效果以及制定更好的预防和控制政策的必要性。
