Chavez Ligia M, García Pedro A, Stimpson Jim P, Vale Lassalle Keilyn M, Saumell-Rivera Janet T, Ortega Alexander N
Behavioral Sciences Research Institute, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2025 Jan 6;19:e6. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2024.175.
Psychological reactions in response to disasters have been associated with increased mental health (MH) symptomatology, decreased quality of life (QOL), and post-traumatic stress (PTSD). This study provides a rare opportunity to examine post disaster MH longitudinally in a sample of adolescents.
From 2018-20, adolescents (12-18 years, =228) were interviewed about disaster exposure, QOL using the Adolescent Quality of Life-Mental Health Scale (AQOL-MHS), psychological symptoms, and diagnoses.
Having an MH diagnosis and PTSD are clear indicators of worse Emotional Regulation (ER) ( ≤ 0.03, ≤ 0.0001) and Self-Concept (SC) ( ≤ 0.006, ≤ 0.002) QOL. Girls were disproportionately affected in all models for SC and Social Context domains ( ≤ 0.0001, ≤ 0.01). Interaction models results for ER ( ≤ 0.05) and SC ( ≤ 0.01) indicate that those with PTSD are improving over time at a greater rate than those without PTSD.
Recovery takes time and a clear sex disparity for girls was observed. Results for the different AQOL-MHS domains highlight how the challenges experienced by disasters are multifaceted. Knowing who is at greater risk can allow for better resource allocation and targeted population-based prevention strategies to promote and maintain MH and resolve risk factors for mental illnesses.
对灾难的心理反应与心理健康（MH）症状增加、生活质量（QOL）下降以及创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）有关。本研究提供了一个难得的机会，对青少年样本进行灾后心理健康的纵向研究。
在2018年至2020年期间，对青少年（12 - 18岁，n = 228）进行访谈，了解他们的灾难暴露情况、使用青少年生活质量 - 心理健康量表（AQOL - MHS）评估的生活质量、心理症状和诊断情况。
患有MH诊断和PTSD是情绪调节（ER）（p ≤ 0.03，p ≤ 0.0001）和自我概念（SC）（p ≤ 0.006，p ≤ 0.002）生活质量较差的明显指标。在所有SC和社会环境领域模型中，女孩受到的影响尤为严重（p ≤ 0.0001，p ≤ 0.01）。ER（p ≤ 0.05）和SC（p ≤ 0.01）的交互模型结果表明，患有PTSD的人随时间推移的改善速度比没有PTSD的人更快。
恢复需要时间，并且观察到女孩存在明显的性别差异。不同AQOL - MHS领域的结果突出了灾难所带来的挑战是多方面的。了解谁面临更大风险可以实现更好的资源分配，并制定有针对性的基于人群的预防策略，以促进和维持心理健康并解决精神疾病的风险因素。
