Moran Ryan N, Stewart Earl Ray, Haller Mason, Ramirez Jonathan
Department of Health Science, Athletic Training Research Laboratory, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA.
Family, Internal, and Rural Medicine, College of Community Health Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2025 Jan 1;13(1):23259671241301771. doi: 10.1177/23259671241301771. eCollection 2025 Jan.
The modified Balance Error Scoring System (mBESS) incorporates nondominant leg stance for a ceiling effect, but that may not be the worse balancing leg. Updated recommendations call for single- and dual-task tandem gait, but limited research has explored these effects on the mBESS.
To compare mBESS performance between dominant and nondominant legs during single and dual tasks and to determine 1-week test-retest reliability.
Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.
A total of 119 intercollegiate, collegiate club, and high school athletes were administered a baseline mBESS battery consisting of performance on both legs and during single and dual task at 2 time points, 1 week apart. Measures consisted of mBESS errors and sway index during counterbalanced single- and dual-task conditions on dominant and nondominant legs. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were conducted to determine differences in errors and sway index between dominant and nondominant legs and single- and dual-task performance. Spearman correlations were used to measure reliability at 1 week ± 2 days.
No differences were observed between nondominant and dominant single-leg errors ( = .79) and sway index ( = .98), nor tandem stance errors ( = .95) and sway index ( = .86). Greater errors were committed during dual-task single-leg stance ( = .05) but not on sway index ( = .69). No differences existed between single and dual tasks on tandem errors ( = .63) and sway index ( = .53). Test-retest coefficients were weak to moderate ( = -0.009 to 0.368) for normal mBESS errors and fair for sway index ( = 0.389 to 0.442) at a 1-week interval.
Our study demonstrated that leg dominance does not appear to affect mBESS errors or sway index, indicating that either leg may be used, in the absence of lower extremity injury history or instability. Incorporation of a dual task provides little clinical utility and may not be specific enough to elicit postural control changes on the mBESS, further indicating the use of optional foam conditions or single- and dual-task tandem gait. Caution is needed when using mBESS after a 1-week time point.
改良版平衡误差评分系统（mBESS）纳入了非优势腿站立以产生天花板效应，但这可能并非平衡能力较差的腿。最新建议要求进行单任务和双任务串联步态测试，但针对这些对mBESS影响的研究有限。
比较单任务和双任务期间优势腿与非优势腿的mBESS表现，并确定1周的重测信度。
横断面研究；证据等级，3级。
对119名大学生、大学俱乐部和高中运动员进行了基线mBESS测试，包括在两个时间点（间隔1周）对双腿以及单任务和双任务期间的表现进行测试。测量指标包括在优势腿和非优势腿的平衡单任务和双任务条件下的mBESS误差和摆动指数。进行Wilcoxon符号秩检验以确定优势腿与非优势腿以及单任务和双任务表现之间的误差和摆动指数差异。使用Spearman相关性来测量1周±2天的信度。
非优势腿和优势腿单腿误差（=0.79）和摆动指数（=0.98）之间，以及串联站立误差（=0.95）和摆动指数（=0.86）之间均未观察到差异。双任务单腿站立期间的误差更大（=0.05），但摆动指数无差异（=0.69）。单任务和双任务在串联误差（=0.63）和摆动指数（=0.53）方面没有差异。对于正常mBESS误差，1周间隔的重测系数较弱至中等（=-0.009至0.368），摆动指数的重测系数一般（=0.389至0.442）。
我们的研究表明，在没有下肢损伤史或不稳定的情况下，腿的优势似乎不会影响mBESS误差或摆动指数，这表明任何一条腿均可使用。纳入双任务几乎没有临床实用性，可能不够特异，无法在mBESS上引发姿势控制变化，这进一步表明可使用可选的泡沫条件或单任务和双任务串联步态。在1周时间点之后使用mBESS时需要谨慎。
