揭示产前和母体因素对自闭症儿童成长历程的影响。

Unveiling the influences of prenatal and maternal factors on the journey of an autistic child.

作者信息

Abdelkader Ahmed, AlRadini Faten, Alosaimi Ashwaq, Abbas Abdallah, Judeh Zaki, Emy Abu Esaid Tahneed, Saleh Alaa, Shah Jaffer, Amer Samar

机构信息

Faculty of Medicine, New Vision University, Internship at Beni Suef University Hospital, Faiyum, Egypt.

Department of Family and Community medicine, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

Front Psychiatry. 2024 Dec 20;15:1467821. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1467821. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1467821

PMID:39758437

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11695324/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder with a high and increasing global prevalence. Although the precise causes are unknown, both genetic and environmental factors, including maternal ones during pregnancy, significantly influence its development. Therefore, this study endeavors to explore the potential causes of autism, including maternal and paternal prenatal risk factors, as well as antenatal and natal maternal risk factors, and their associations with the severity of ASD in mothers of children with ASD, from February to May 2024.

METHODS

At an autism center in Saudi Arabia, this cross-sectional study enrolled 168 mothers of children diagnosed with ASD. The web-based survey employs a structured questionnaire to gather comprehensive prenatal, natal, and demographic data. The collected data was coded and analyzed using suitable tests.

RESULTS

The majority of the surveyed 168 mothers with autistic children reported having autism spectrum disorder (43.8%), moderate autism (31.9%), mild autism (15.6%), and severe autism (8.8%). Most autistic children had a history of one or both maternal and/or paternal antenatal exposures: 79.2% had soft drink consumption, 35.1% smoked, 24.4% had chronic physical diseases, and 20.8% had psychological disease. , 37% had a history of recurrent infection, 29.2% had anemia, 15.5% had a history of threatened abortion or bleeding, as well as exposure to air pollution, and 22 (13.1%) had a history of gestational diabetes. Significant (0.05) predictors of severe autism were gestational diabetes aOR 4.553 (95% CI: [1.518, 14.25], birth oxygen desaturation 4.142 (95% CI: [1.437, 12.45]. Furthermore, the likelihood of classifying a child's ASD as severe increases by 7.1% with each year of age1.071 (95% CI: [1.002, 1.15].

CONCLUSION

ASD is a prevalent health condition that has many interrelationships with prenatal, maternal (medical, environmental, and psychosocial factors), and natal conditions. Prospective studies are essential for understanding and addressing these ASD risk factors.

摘要

背景

自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一种复杂的终身神经发育障碍，在全球的患病率很高且呈上升趋势。尽管确切病因尚不清楚，但遗传和环境因素，包括孕期母亲的因素，都会对其发展产生重大影响。因此，本研究旨在从2024年2月至5月，探索自闭症的潜在病因，包括母亲和父亲的产前危险因素，以及产前和产时母亲的危险因素，及其与自闭症儿童母亲中ASD严重程度的关联。

方法

在沙特阿拉伯的一个自闭症中心，这项横断面研究招募了168名被诊断患有ASD儿童的母亲。基于网络的调查采用结构化问卷来收集全面的产前、产时和人口统计学数据。对收集到的数据进行编码，并使用合适的测试进行分析。

结果

在接受调查的168名自闭症儿童母亲中，大多数报告孩子患有自闭症谱系障碍（43.8%）、中度自闭症（31.9%）、轻度自闭症（15.6%）和重度自闭症（8.8%）。大多数自闭症儿童有母亲和/或父亲一方或双方产前暴露史：79.2%饮用软饮料，35.1%吸烟，24.4%患有慢性身体疾病，20.8%患有心理疾病。37%有反复感染史，29.2%患有贫血，15.5%有先兆流产或出血史，以及接触空气污染，22人（13.1%）有妊娠期糖尿病史。重度自闭症的显著（P<0.05）预测因素是妊娠期糖尿病，调整后比值比为4.553（95%置信区间：[1.518, 14.25]），出生时血氧饱和度下降为4.142（95%置信区间：[1.437, 12.45]）。此外，孩子的ASD被分类为重度的可能性随着年龄每增加一岁而增加7.1%，调整后比值比为1.071（95%置信区间：[1.002, 1.15]）。