密鲁特市一家牙科医院门诊部就诊儿童的幼儿龋齿患病率：一项基于机构的横断面研究。

Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries Among Children Visiting the Outpatient Department of a Dental Hospital in Meerut City: An Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

作者信息

Kaur Navpreet, Srivastava Nikhil, Rana Vivek, Kaushik Noopur, Pruthi Tushar, Kankerwal Aarushi, Chaudhary Riya

机构信息

Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, IND.

出版信息

Cureus. 2024 Dec 3;16(12):e75067. doi: 10.7759/cureus.75067. eCollection 2024 Dec.

DOI:10.7759/cureus.75067

PMID:39759706

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11695646/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Early childhood caries (ECC) represents a significant public health challenge, characterized by the rapid decay of primary teeth in young children. This condition adversely affects oral health, overall well-being, and quality of life (QoL).

AIM

The study aimed to assess the prevalence of ECC among children attending a dental outpatient department in Meerut City.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

An institute-based cross-sectional study was conducted among children aged 2-6 years who visited the dental outpatient department (OPD) of the Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry Department. A total of 1800 children were examined using Type III examination (employing a mouth mirror and explorer under proper illumination). Data were recorded using the WHO Oral Health Assessment Pro Forma (1997). The Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index was used to evaluate dental caries. Data were tabulated based on gender, age, DMFT score, and symptoms. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics software version 23, with the level of significance set at P < 0.05. Descriptive data were presented as percentages, and Fisher's exact test was employed for statistical analysis.

RESULTS

Of the 1800 children examined, 1086 were found to have ECC, yielding a prevalence of 60.3%. Among the affected children, 61.6% were males, and 38.4% were females. ECC prevalence was significantly higher in children aged 3-6 years compared to those under 3 years (P = 0.001). The mean DMFT score of the study population was 4.27 ± 2.62, with the highest prevalence observed for a DMFT score of 4. The frequency of ECC was higher in patients who presented to the OPD with pain (70.9%).

CONCLUSION

The prevalence of ECC among children aged 2-6 years who visited the dental OPD was 60.3%, with a mean DMFT score of 4.27 ± 2.62. The prevalence was higher in male children compared to female children. Additionally, the most common reason for visiting the dental OPD was pain.

摘要

背景

幼儿龋齿（ECC）是一项重大的公共卫生挑战，其特征为幼儿乳牙迅速龋坏。这种情况会对口腔健康、整体幸福感和生活质量（QoL）产生不利影响。

目的

本研究旨在评估密鲁特市一家牙科门诊部就诊儿童中ECC的患病率。

材料与方法

在儿科与预防牙科部门的牙科门诊部就诊的2至6岁儿童中开展了一项基于机构的横断面研究。使用III型检查（在适当照明下使用口镜和探针）对总共1800名儿童进行了检查。使用世界卫生组织口腔健康评估表（1997年）记录数据。采用龋失补牙（DMFT）指数评估龋齿情况。数据根据性别、年龄、DMFT评分和症状进行列表。使用IBM SPSS Statistics软件23版进行统计分析，显著性水平设定为P < 0.05。描述性数据以百分比表示，采用Fisher精确检验进行统计分析。

结果

在接受检查的1800名儿童中，发现1086名患有ECC，患病率为60.3%。在受影响的儿童中，61.6%为男性，38.4%为女性。3至6岁儿童的ECC患病率显著高于3岁以下儿童（P = 0.001）。研究人群的平均DMFT评分为4.27 ± 2.62，DMFT评分为4时患病率最高。因疼痛前往门诊部就诊的患者中ECC的发生率更高（70.9%）。