Awadhiya Onkar, Rathod Bharatsing D, Khot Rajashree S, Chaudhari Sachin R, Kamble Nilesh
General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Nagpur, IND.
Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Nagpur, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Dec 5;16(12):e75152. doi: 10.7759/cureus.75152. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a distinct clinical entity with variable presentations and diverse clinical outcomes, characterized by autoimmune-mediated injury to the liver. The detection of autoantibodies and histological features consistent with autoimmune injury is crucial for diagnosing AIH. Early identification and treatment are essential to prevent progression to cirrhosis. This report describes five cases of AIH diagnosed and managed over one year, with presentations ranging from acute hepatitis to end-stage liver disease. Younger patients demonstrated good clinical and biochemical responses to immunosuppressive therapy, while an older patient with established cirrhosis faced a grim prognosis. AIH should be considered, particularly in female patients and in those without obvious risk factors for liver injury, such as alcohol use, drug-induced liver injury, or viral hepatitis.
自身免疫性肝炎（AIH）是一种具有不同表现和多样临床结局的独特临床实体，其特征是自身免疫介导的肝脏损伤。检测与自身免疫损伤一致的自身抗体和组织学特征对于诊断AIH至关重要。早期识别和治疗对于预防进展为肝硬化至关重要。本报告描述了一年内诊断和管理的5例AIH病例，其表现从急性肝炎到终末期肝病不等。年轻患者对免疫抑制治疗表现出良好的临床和生化反应，而一名已确诊肝硬化的老年患者预后不佳。应考虑AIH，特别是在女性患者以及那些没有明显肝损伤危险因素（如饮酒、药物性肝损伤或病毒性肝炎）的患者中。
