Alqusayer Arwa M, Ahmed Waheeba E, Althwab Sami A, Hamad Essam M
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food, Qassim University, 51452 Buraidah, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2025 Jan-Feb;19(1):31-40.
The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of intermittent fasting (IF) with a low-carbohydrate-high-protein (LCHP) diet on blood glucose control in streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetic rats (DR).
Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into six groups ( = 5) including a group of normal rats (NR) that received a control diet (CD) (50% carbohydrates, 17% protein, and 33% fat) with (AL) feeding. The remaining 5 groups were DR injected with STZ and fed on CD or LCHP diet (40% carbohydrates, 30% protein, and 30% fat) for 6 weeks, either AL or IF (with a time-restricted feeding of 16 h followed by 8 h feeding period). There was a standard control group treated with metformin and fed on CD with AL feeding. A random blood glucose was measured. Changes in body weight and feed intake (FI) were monitored weekly.
Feeding rats on LCHP and IF and their combination significantly reduced FI, body weight gain, blood glucose ( < 0.001), and improved insulin resistance ( < 0.05) with no effect on the insulin levels ( > 0.05). LCHP and IF decreased the levels of triglycerides and very-low-density lipoprotein and showed a possible protection against atherosclerosis by reducing the atherogenic index ( < 0.01). Furthermore, LCHP+IF greatly alleviates the pancreatic histopathological changes induced by STZ and showed the normal histological structure of the Langerhans islets.
IF with a LCHP diet could be effectively used in improving the indicators of glucose control, and reversing pancreatic histopathological alterations in type 2 diabetes.
本研究旨在探讨间歇性禁食（IF）联合低碳水化合物高蛋白（LCHP）饮食对链脲佐菌素（STZ）-烟酰胺诱导的2型糖尿病大鼠（DR）血糖控制的影响。
将30只雄性Wistar大鼠分为6组（每组n = 5），包括一组正常大鼠（NR），给予对照饮食（CD）（50%碳水化合物、17%蛋白质和33%脂肪）并自由进食（AL）。其余5组为糖尿病大鼠，注射STZ后给予CD或LCHP饮食（40%碳水化合物、30%蛋白质和30%脂肪），持续6周，分别自由进食或间歇性禁食（限时进食16小时，随后禁食8小时）。有一个标准对照组，用二甲双胍治疗并给予CD自由进食。测量随机血糖。每周监测体重和采食量（FI）的变化。
给予LCHP饮食、间歇性禁食及其联合饮食的大鼠采食量、体重增加、血糖均显著降低（P < 0.001），胰岛素抵抗得到改善（P < 0.05），而对胰岛素水平无影响（P > 0.05）。LCHP饮食和间歇性禁食降低了甘油三酯和极低密度脂蛋白水平，并通过降低致动脉粥样硬化指数（P < 0.01）显示出对动脉粥样硬化的可能保护作用。此外，LCHP + IF大大减轻了STZ诱导的胰腺组织病理学变化，并显示出胰岛的正常组织结构。
IF联合LCHP饮食可有效用于改善2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制指标，并逆转胰腺组织病理学改变。
