Komal Wajeeha, Fatima Shafaq, Minahal Qandeel, Liaqat Razia, Abdul Latif Asma, Hussain Aya S
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 6;20(1):e0316629. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0316629. eCollection 2025.
Increasing aquaculture production requires high-density farming, which induces stress, necessitating supplements to mitigate its effects and ensure fish health. The aim of this study was to examine how CaNa2EDTA (EDTA) affects the growth, immune response and antioxidant activity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The fish were raised at three different stocking densities: low (LD = 2.00 kg/m3), medium (MD = 3.50 kg/m3), and high (HD = 5.00 kg/m3). Each density group was fed with one of four levels of EDTA supplementation (E0 = 0 g/kg, E1 = 5 g/kg, E2 = 10 g/kg, and E3 = 15 g/kg) for 60 days. Each diet was tested in triplicate (n = 66 fish per replicate in LD, 116 per replicate in MD, and 166 per replicate in HD). After 60 days, the results of this study declared that LD group showed better growth than the MD and HD groups, and among all groups, those fed the E1 diet grew better than those on other diets. The study found significant changes in the chemical composition of the fish and the activity of digestive enzymes across all treatments. Antioxidant enzyme levels and cortisol were higher in the HD group compared to the LD and MD groups. However, fish in the HD group fed the E1 diet had the lowest levels of antioxidant enzymes and cortisol. Malondialdehyde levels were higher in the HD group compared to the LD and MD groups, with the lowest levels seen in fish on the E1 diet in the HD group. The expression of Somatostatin-1 did not increase in the MD group compared to the LD and HD groups. The gene expression levels of pro-opiomelanocortin-α and Interleukin 1-β were not significantly affected by either stocking density or EDTA supplementation. In conclusion, EDTA supplementation improved growth and antioxidant response in tilapia, with the best results seen at a dose of 5 g/kg in the high-density group, suggesting that this approach could be beneficial in intensive tilapia farming.
增加水产养殖产量需要高密度养殖，这会引发应激反应，因此需要添加补充剂来减轻其影响并确保鱼类健康。本研究的目的是考察乙二胺四乙酸钙二钠（EDTA）如何影响尼罗罗非鱼（奥利亚罗非鱼）的生长、免疫反应和抗氧化活性。鱼在三种不同的放养密度下饲养：低密度（LD = 2.00千克/立方米）、中等密度（MD = 3.50千克/立方米）和高密度（HD = 5.00千克/立方米）。每个密度组投喂四种不同水平的EDTA补充剂之一（E0 = 0克/千克、E1 = 5克/千克、E2 = 10克/千克和E3 = 15克/千克），持续60天。每种饲料进行三次重复试验（低密度组每个重复66尾鱼，中等密度组每个重复116尾鱼，高密度组每个重复166尾鱼）。60天后，本研究结果表明，低密度组的生长情况优于中等密度组和高密度组，并且在所有组中，投喂E1饲料的鱼生长得比其他饲料组的鱼更好。研究发现，所有处理组的鱼的化学成分和消化酶活性都有显著变化。与低密度组和中等密度组相比，高密度组的抗氧化酶水平和皮质醇水平更高。然而，高密度组中投喂E1饲料的鱼的抗氧化酶水平和皮质醇水平最低。与低密度组和中等密度组相比，高密度组的丙二醛水平更高，高密度组中投喂E1饲料的鱼的丙二醛水平最低。与低密度组和高密度组相比，中等密度组生长抑素-1的表达没有增加。前阿黑皮素原-α和白细胞介素1-β的基因表达水平不受放养密度或EDTA补充剂的显著影响。总之，添加EDTA可改善罗非鱼的生长和抗氧化反应，在高密度组中剂量为5克/千克时效果最佳，这表明这种方法可能对罗非鱼集约化养殖有益。
