Dey Bishwajit, Sharma Gulshan, Bokoro Pitshou N, Dutta Soham
Department of Electrical Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa.
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 6;15(1):894. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-85175-z.
The cost-effective scheduling of distributed energy resources through sophisticated optimization algorithms is the main focus of recent work on microgrid energy management. In order to improve load factor and efficiency, load-shifting techniques are frequently used in conjunction with additional complex constraints such as PHEV scheduling and battery life assessment. Pollutant reduction, however, is rarely highlighted as a primary goal. An incentive-based demand response (IBDR) is introduced in the proposed work to close this gap and promote load curtailment during peak hours. IBDR policy rewards participant customers with incentives for load curtailment which in turn lowers emissions and generation costs. Furthermore, a trade-off approach ensures both environmental and economic sustainability by striking a balance between cost reduction and emission reduction. Considering the fact in view that the 30-40% of the microgrid customers are willing to participate in the IBDR program, six different scenarios that have been analysed, each of which involves various levels of grid participation and different approaches to pricing in the electricity market. These scenarios also include the implementation of demand response programmes. Differential evolution algorithm was used as the optimization tool for the study. The results achieved for all the scenarios demonstrate the suitability and effectiveness of implementing the suggested IBDR strategy in terms of cost savings. According to numerical results reported, the generating cost decreased by 10-13% with the inclusion of IBDR. Additionally, a 6-8% reduction in peak and 4-5% improvement in load factor was also realised as a positive impact of the IBDR policy. The weighted economic emission dispatch algorithm offered a balanced solution that considered both the minimum generation cost and emissions for various load models in the microgrid system.
通过复杂的优化算法对分布式能源资源进行经济高效的调度，是近期微电网能源管理工作的主要重点。为了提高负荷率和效率，负荷转移技术经常与诸如插电式混合动力汽车调度和电池寿命评估等附加复杂约束条件结合使用。然而，污染物减排很少被作为主要目标加以突出。在本研究工作中引入了基于激励的需求响应（IBDR）来弥补这一差距，并促进高峰时段的负荷削减。IBDR政策通过对负荷削减的参与者客户给予激励，进而降低排放和发电成本。此外，一种权衡方法通过在成本降低和减排之间取得平衡，确保了环境和经济的可持续性。鉴于微电网中30%-40%的客户愿意参与IBDR计划这一事实，分析了六种不同的情景，每种情景都涉及不同程度的电网参与和电力市场中不同的定价方式。这些情景还包括需求响应计划的实施。使用差分进化算法作为该研究的优化工具。所有情景所取得的结果表明，实施建议的IBDR策略在成本节约方面具有适用性和有效性。根据所报告的数值结果，纳入IBDR后发电成本降低了10%-13%。此外作为IBDR政策的积极影响，峰值降低了6%-8%，负荷率提高了4%-5%。加权经济排放调度算法提供了一种平衡的解决方案，该方案考虑了微电网系统中各种负荷模型的最低发电成本和排放。
