Hossain Md Muzammel, Jahan Iffat, Al Nahian Abdullah, Johannesson Karen H, Maxwell Stephen J, Zhu Daochen
International Joint Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Biomass Biorefinery, Biofuels Institute, School of Emergency Management, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Biodiversity Conservation and Fisheries Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Department of Chemistry, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh; Biodiversity Conservation and Fisheries Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
J Contam Hydrol. 2025 Feb;269:104492. doi: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104492. Epub 2025 Jan 4.
The concern of potential toxic elements (PTEs) contamination in the river ecosystem is growing due to anthropological activity. The contents of seven PTEs in sediments from the Balu River channel were analyzed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and an environmental risk model. Several PTEs were found in the sediment at high levels, including zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and mercury (Hg), that might pose a risk to human and ecological health. The highest mean concentration of PTEs in sediment followed in decreasing order Zn (1365.21 mg/kg) > Cu (149.34 mg/kg) > Pb (46.34 mg/kg) > Ni (34.78 mg/kg) > As (6.31 mg/kg) > Cd (2.34 mg/kg) > Hg (1.03 mg/kg). In addition, most of these PTEs were significantly correlated (p < 0.05) among the sites and exceeded the safety guideline value. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), and pollution load index (PLI) showed high levels of PTEs contamination and moderately polluted to highly polluted levels of these elements. At the BL3, BL4, and BL6 sites within the study site, the ecological risk (PERI) score was extremely high, and the PERI values range found was from 75.39 to 355.72. Every PTE had a slightly greater concentration during the dry season than the wet season. Interestingly, PTE accumulation from sediment indicated non-carcinogenic risk (HQ) in human health, whereas most of the sites showed carcinogenic risk (CR) to human health (adult and child) due to Cd and Ni accumulation. Multivariate statistical analysis (MVSA) indicated the most likely anthropological sources were the untreated wastes discharged in the river sampling area. People who come into contact with polluted sediments are constantly exposed to Ni and Cd pollution, which increases the risk of cancer and non-cancerous diseases. So, continuous PTE monitoring is advised by this study to assess ecological and human health risks.
由于人类活动，河流生态系统中潜在有毒元素（PTEs）污染问题日益受到关注。采用原子吸收光谱法（AAS）和环境风险模型分析了巴卢河河道沉积物中7种PTEs的含量。在沉积物中发现了几种含量较高的PTEs，包括锌（Zn）、铜（Cu）、砷（As）、铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）、镍（Ni）和汞（Hg），这些元素可能对人类和生态健康构成风险。沉积物中PTEs的最高平均浓度依次为Zn（1365.21mg/kg）>Cu（149.34mg/kg）>Pb（46.34mg/kg）>Ni（34.78mg/kg）>As（6.31mg/kg）>Cd（2.34mg/kg）>Hg（1.03mg/kg）。此外，这些PTEs中的大多数在各采样点之间具有显著相关性（p<0.05），并且超过了安全指导值。地累积指数（Igeo）、污染因子（CF）和污染负荷指数（PLI）表明PTEs污染程度较高，这些元素处于中度污染到高度污染水平。在研究区域内的BL3、BL4和BL6采样点，生态风险（PERI）得分极高，PERI值范围为75.39至355.72。每个PTE在旱季的浓度略高于雨季。有趣的是，沉积物中PTEs的积累表明对人类健康存在非致癌风险（HQ），而由于Cd和Ni的积累，大多数采样点对人类健康（成人和儿童）显示出致癌风险（CR）。多元统计分析（MVSA）表明，最可能的人为来源是河流采样区域排放的未经处理的废物。接触受污染沉积物的人持续暴露于Ni和Cd污染中，这增加了患癌症和非癌症疾病的风险。因此，本研究建议持续监测PTEs，以评估生态和人类健康风险。
