Armani Beatriz Cardoso, Souza Rafaela Cristina Vieira E, Matozinhos Fernanda Penido, Santos Luana Caroline Dos
Nutrition Department, Nursing School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil.
Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health Department, Nursing School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Dec 20;21(12):1702. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21121702.
To assess the birth weight of newborns whose mothers gave birth during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A cross-sectional study based on data collected from medical records and through postnatal interviews to assess maternal and neonatal health outcomes (n = 470) during the pandemic. All participants were assisted in three Brazilian public hospitals in 2020. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to assess factors associated with birth weight.
Low and insufficient birth weight reached 9.8% and 25.7% prevalence, respectively. COVID-19 symptoms were reported by 8% of participants. Low birth weight was more often observed in premature children (OR: 70.9; 95% CI: 16.4-305.8) delivered by cesarean sections (OR: 7.70; 95% CI: 2.33-25.4). Insufficient weight was more frequent in premature children (OR: 5.59; 95% CI: 1.53-20.4) and children whose mothers did not exercise during pregnancy (OR: 2.85; 95% CI: 1.38-5.89). Women presenting higher gestational weight gain had a lower chance of delivering babies with insufficient weight (OR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.90-0.99).
Inadequate birth weight was associated with prematurity, delivery type, lower gestational weight gain, and maternal physical inactivity during the pandemic. According to the results, it is necessary to have adequate prenatal care and promote a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy.
评估在新冠疫情期间分娩的母亲所生新生儿的出生体重。
一项横断面研究，基于从医疗记录收集的数据以及产后访谈来评估疫情期间的母婴健康结局（n = 470）。2020年，所有参与者均在巴西的三家公立医院接受医疗服务。采用多项逻辑回归分析来评估与出生体重相关的因素。
低出生体重和出生体重不足的患病率分别达到9.8%和25.7%。8%的参与者报告有新冠症状。低出生体重在早产儿（比值比：70.9；95%置信区间：16.4 - 305.8）以及剖宫产出生的婴儿中更为常见（比值比：7.70；95%置信区间：2.33 - 25.4）。出生体重不足在早产儿（比值比：5.59；95%置信区间：1.53 - 20.4）以及母亲在孕期未进行锻炼的婴儿中更为常见（比值比：2.85；95%置信区间：1.38 - 5.89）。孕期体重增加较多的女性生出体重不足婴儿的几率较低（比值比：0.94；95%置信区间：0.90 - 0.99）。
在疫情期间，出生体重不足与早产、分娩方式、孕期体重增加较少以及母亲缺乏身体活动有关。根据研究结果，孕期需要有充分的产前护理并倡导健康的生活方式。
