青少年低出生体重及相关代谢风险因素、心肺适能与身体活动
Low Birth Weight and Related Metabolic Risk Factors, Cardio-Respiratory Fitness and Physical Activity in Adolescents.
作者信息
Machado-Rodrigues Aristides M, Padez Cristina, Rodrigues Daniela, Mascarenhas Luís P, Borges Nuno, Maia Cátia, Baptista Liliana C, Fernandes Helder Miguel, Leite Neiva
机构信息
University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal.
University of Coimbra, Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER-UC), 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal.
出版信息
Children (Basel). 2024 Dec 16;11(12):1523. doi: 10.3390/children11121523.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The associations between low birth weight (LBW) and the aggregation of metabolic risk factors (MRF) in youth remain ambiguous. Thus, this study analysed the interrelationship among MRF, LBW, and behavioural factors in adolescents.
METHODS
The sample of the present cross-sectional study comprised 491 youth (229 males, 262 females) aged 14-17 years. Height, weight, and BMI were assessed. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) was measured using the PACER test. Physical activity (PA) was evaluated using a 3-day diary. A MRF risk score was calculated using the -scores of the five MRF criteria (HDL-C, triglycerides, BP, insulin, and blood glucose).
RESULTS
The average values for height, weight, and systolic and diastolic BP were significantly higher in males ( < 0.01); in contrast, females exhibited higher HDL cholesterol and insulin levels ( < 0.01). Boys revealed higher levels of PA ( < 0.01), and they achieved better CRF scores than girls ( < 0.01). BMI emerged as a significant predictor of clustered metabolic risk for both males (β = 0.26; 95% CI, 0.16-0.36) and females (β = 0.02; 95% CI, 0.14-0.30); additionally, the results indicated that more physically active girls had a notably lower metabolic risk (β = -0.01; 95% CI, -0.10--0.01) than their male peers.
CONCLUSIONS
LBW was found to be independently correlated with the aggregated MRF (β = -0.01; 95% CI, -0.01-0.00) among boys aged 14-17 years.
背景/目的：低出生体重（LBW）与青少年代谢危险因素（MRF）聚集之间的关联仍不明确。因此，本研究分析了青少年中MRF、LBW和行为因素之间的相互关系。
方法
本横断面研究的样本包括491名14至17岁的青少年（229名男性，262名女性）。评估了身高、体重和体重指数（BMI）。使用20米往返跑测试测量心肺适能（CRF）。通过3天的日记评估身体活动（PA）。使用五个MRF标准（高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、血压、胰岛素和血糖）的z分数计算MRF风险评分。
结果
男性的身高、体重以及收缩压和舒张压的平均值显著更高（P<0.01）；相比之下，女性的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和胰岛素水平更高（P<0.01）。男孩的PA水平更高（P<0.01），并且他们的CRF得分比女孩更好（P<0.01）。BMI成为男性（β = 0.26；95%置信区间，0.16 - 0.36）和女性（β = 0.02；95%置信区间，0.14 - 0.30）聚集性代谢风险的显著预测因素；此外，结果表明，身体活动较多的女孩的代谢风险明显低于同龄男性（β = -0.01；95%置信区间，-0.10 - -0.01）。
结论
在14至17岁的男孩中，发现低出生体重与聚集性MRF独立相关（β = -0.01；95%置信区间，-0.01 - 0.00）。
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