Li Qingyuan, Wang Chaogang, Li Ao, Qi Haigang, Wang Wei, Wang Xinxing, Zhang Guofan, Li Li
Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266200, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Dec 18;25(24):13551. doi: 10.3390/ijms252413551.
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are crucial for human health and cannot be produced internally. Bivalves, such as oysters, serve as valuable sources of high-quality PUFAs. The enzyme fatty acid desaturase (FADS) plays a key role in the metabolism of LC-PUFAs. In this study, we conducted a thorough genome-wide analysis of the genes belong to the FADS family in and , with the objective of elucidating the function of the FADS2 and investigating the genetic variations that affect PUFA biosynthesis. We identified six FADS genes distributed across four chromosomes, categorized into three subfamilies. The coding region of FADS2 revealed five non-synonymous mutations that were shown to influence protein structure and stability through molecular dynamics simulations. The promoter region of FADS2 contains ten SNPs and three indels significantly correlated with PUFA content. These genetic variations may explain the differences in PUFA levels observed between the two oyster species and could have potential applications in enhancing PUFA content. This study improves the molecular understanding of PUFA metabolism in oysters and presents a potential strategy for selecting oysters with high PUFA levels.
长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LC-PUFAs）对人体健康至关重要，且无法在体内自行合成。双壳贝类，如牡蛎，是优质PUFAs的宝贵来源。脂肪酸去饱和酶（FADS）在LC-PUFAs的代谢中起关键作用。在本研究中，我们对[物种1]和[物种2]中属于FADS家族的基因进行了全面的全基因组分析，旨在阐明FADS2的功能并研究影响PUFA生物合成的遗传变异。我们鉴定出六个FADS基因，分布在四条染色体上，分为三个亚家族。FADS2的编码区显示出五个非同义突变，通过分子动力学模拟表明这些突变会影响蛋白质结构和稳定性。FADS2的启动子区域包含十个单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）和三个插入缺失，与PUFA含量显著相关。这些遗传变异可能解释了两种牡蛎物种之间观察到的PUFA水平差异，并可能在提高PUFA含量方面具有潜在应用。本研究增进了对牡蛎中PUFA代谢的分子理解，并提出了一种选择高PUFA水平牡蛎的潜在策略。
