Irbe Ilze, Kirpluks Mikelis, Kampuss Mikus, Andze Laura, Milbreta Ulla, Filipova Inese
Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Dzerbenes iela 27, LV 1006 Riga, Latvia.
Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Latvia, Raina bulvaris 19, LV 1586 Riga, Latvia.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Dec 13;17(24):6111. doi: 10.3390/ma17246111.
In this study, different combinations of mycelium biocomposites (MBs) were developed using primary substrates sourced from the local agricultural, wood processing, and paper industries. The physicomechanical properties, thermal conductivity, and fire behavior were evaluated. The highest bending strength was achieved in composites containing waste fibers and birch sanding dust, with a strength competitive with that of synthetic polymers like EPS and XPS, as well as some commercial building materials. The lowest thermal conductivity was observed in hemp-based MB, with a lambda coefficient of 40 m·W·m·K, making these composites competitive with non-mycelium insulation materials, including synthetic polymers such as EPS and XPS. Additionally, MB exhibited superior fire resistance compared to various synthetic foams and composite materials. They showed lower peak heat release rates (134-243 k·W·m) and total smoke release (7-281 m·m) than synthetic polymers, and lower total heat release (6-62 k·W·m) compared to certain wood composites. Overall, the mechanical and thermal properties, along with the fire performance of MB, support their potential as a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based and traditional composite materials in the building industry.
在本研究中，利用来自当地农业、木材加工和造纸工业的主要基材开发了不同组合的菌丝体生物复合材料（MBs）。对其物理力学性能、热导率和燃烧性能进行了评估。含有废纤维和桦木打磨粉尘的复合材料具有最高的弯曲强度，其强度与EPS和XPS等合成聚合物以及一些商业建筑材料相当。基于大麻的MB的热导率最低，λ系数为40 m·W·m·K，使这些复合材料与包括EPS和XPS等合成聚合物在内的非菌丝体绝缘材料具有竞争力。此外，与各种合成泡沫和复合材料相比，MB表现出卓越的耐火性。它们的峰值热释放率（134 - 243 k·W·m）和总烟雾释放量（7 - 281 m·m）低于合成聚合物，与某些木质复合材料相比，总热释放量（6 - 62 k·W·m）更低。总体而言，MB的机械和热性能以及燃烧性能表明，它们有潜力作为建筑行业中石油基和传统复合材料的可持续替代品。
