Okoń Estera, Kukula-Koch Wirginia, Jarząb Agata, Gaweł-Bęben Katarzyna, Bator Ewelina, Michalak-Tomczyk Magdalena, Jachuła Jacek, Antosiewicz-Klimczak Beata, Odrzywolski Adrian, Koch Wojciech, Wawruszak Anna
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Pharmacognosy with Medical Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Molecules. 2024 Dec 19;29(24):5989. doi: 10.3390/molecules29245989.
Primary and metastatic tumors of the nervous system represent a diverse group of neoplasms, each characterized by distinct biological features, prognostic outcomes, and therapeutic approaches. Due to their molecular complexity and heterogeneity, nervous system cancers (NSCs) pose significant clinical challenges. For decades, plants and their natural products with established anticancer properties have played a pivotal role in the treatment of various medical conditions, including cancers. Anthraquinone derivatives, a class of tricyclic secondary metabolites, are found in several botanical families, such as , , , and . In a comprehensive review, recent advancements in the anticancer properties of 1,8-dihydroanthraquinone derivatives-such as emodin, aloe-emodin, hypericin, chrysophanol, rhein, and physcion-were analyzed. These compounds have been studied extensively, both used individually and in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents, using in vitro and in vivo models of nervous system tumors. It was demonstrated that 1,8-dihydroanthraquinone derivatives induce apoptosis and necrosis in cancerous cells, intercalate into DNA, disrupting transcription and replication in rapidly dividing cells, and alter ROS levels, leading to oxidative stress that damages tumor cells. Additionally, they can influence signaling pathways involved in oncogenesis, such as MAPK, PI3K/Akt, or others crucial for the survival and the proliferation of NSC cells. The exploration of 1,8-dihydroanthraquinone derivatives aims to develop novel therapies that could overcome resistance and improve cancer patients' outcomes.
神经系统的原发性和转移性肿瘤是一组多样化的肿瘤，每种肿瘤都具有独特的生物学特征、预后结果和治疗方法。由于其分子复杂性和异质性，神经系统癌症（NSCs）带来了重大的临床挑战。几十年来，具有既定抗癌特性的植物及其天然产物在包括癌症在内的各种医疗病症的治疗中发挥了关键作用。蒽醌衍生物是一类三环次生代谢产物，存在于几个植物科中，如蓼科、豆科、金丝桃科和鼠李科。在一篇综合综述中，分析了1,8 - 二氢蒽醌衍生物（如大黄素、芦荟大黄素、金丝桃素、大黄酚、大黄酸和大黄素甲醚）抗癌特性的最新进展。这些化合物已被广泛研究，无论是单独使用还是与其他化疗药物联合使用，采用神经系统肿瘤的体外和体内模型。结果表明，1,8 - 二氢蒽醌衍生物可诱导癌细胞凋亡和坏死，嵌入DNA，破坏快速分裂细胞中的转录和复制，并改变ROS水平，导致氧化应激从而损伤肿瘤细胞。此外，它们可以影响参与肿瘤发生的信号通路，如MAPK、PI3K/Akt或其他对NSC细胞的存活和增殖至关重要的信号通路。对1,8 - 二氢蒽醌衍生物的探索旨在开发能够克服耐药性并改善癌症患者预后的新疗法。
