Reyna-Urrutia Víctor Alonso, Robles-Zepeda Ramón Enrique, Estevez Miriam, Gonzalez-Reyna Marlen Alexis, Alonso-Martínez Grecia Vianney, Cáñez-Orozco Juan Ramón, López-Romero Julio César, Torres-Moreno Heriberto
Department of Chemical Biological and Agricultural Sciences, University of Sonora, Avenida University and Irigoyen, Caborca 83600, Sonora, Mexico.
Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, University of Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024 Nov 21;17(12):1565. doi: 10.3390/ph17121565.
: (B) A. Gray, a plant native to northwest Mexico, has long been utilized in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory effects. Previous studies have highlighted the bioactivity of fruit extract. Chitosan (Cs), a biopolymer known for its favorable physicochemical properties, has proven effective in encapsulating bioactive compounds. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize Cs-based microparticles containing fruit extract and evaluate their in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. Cs-based three-dimensional hydrogels were synthesized using physical cross-linking with ammonium hydroxide, incorporating fruit extract. The hydrogels were freeze-dried and mechanically ground into microparticles. The physicochemical properties of the microencapsulates were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy (OM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and moisture absorption tests. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by measuring nitric oxide (NO) reduction in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against . SEM and OM analyses revealed irregular morphologies with rounded protuberances, with particle sizes ranging from 135 to 180 µm. FTIR spectra indicated that no new chemical bonds were formed, preserving the integrity of the original compounds. TGA confirmed that the encapsulated extract was heat-protected. The moisture absorption test indicated the microparticles' hydrophilic nature. In vitro, the microencapsulated extract reduced NO production by 46%, compared to 32% for the non-encapsulated extract. The microencapsulated extract was effective in reducing the microbial load of between 15-24%. Cs-based microencapsulates containing fruit extract exhibited no chemical interactions during synthesis and demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. These results suggest that the Cs-based system is a promising candidate for managing inflammatory conditions.
（B）墨西哥西北部本土植物A. Gray长期以来因其抗炎作用而被用于传统医学。先前的研究突出了其果实提取物的生物活性。壳聚糖（Cs）是一种以其良好的物理化学性质而闻名的生物聚合物，已被证明能有效地包封生物活性化合物。本研究旨在合成并表征含有该果实提取物的基于壳聚糖的微粒，并评估其体外抗炎活性。通过与氢氧化铵进行物理交联合成了含有该果实提取物的基于壳聚糖的三维水凝胶。将水凝胶冷冻干燥并机械研磨成微粒。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、光学显微镜（OM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、热重分析（TGA）和吸湿试验对微胶囊的物理化学性质进行了分析。通过测量脂多糖激活的RAW 264.7细胞中一氧化氮（NO）的减少来评估抗炎活性。针对……评估抗菌活性。SEM和OM分析显示出具有圆形突起的不规则形态，粒径范围为135至180μm。FTIR光谱表明没有形成新的化学键，保留了原始化合物的完整性。TGA证实包封的提取物具有热保护作用。吸湿试验表明微粒具有亲水性。在体外，微胶囊化提取物使NO产生减少了46%，相比之下未包封提取物为32%。微胶囊化提取物在将……的微生物载量降低15 - 24%方面是有效的。含有该果实提取物的基于壳聚糖的微胶囊在合成过程中未表现出化学相互作用，并表现出显著的抗炎和抗菌活性。这些结果表明基于壳聚糖的体系是治疗炎症性疾病的有前景的候选物。
