Czarnowski Michał, Wnorowska Urszula, Łuckiewicz Milena, Dargiewicz Ewelina, Spałek Jakub, Okła Sławomir, Sawczuk Beata, Savage Paul B, Bucki Robert, Piktel Ewelina
Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
Independent Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024 Dec 20;17(12):1725. doi: 10.3390/ph17121725.
Oral diseases, both acute and chronic, of infectious or non-infectious etiology, represent some of the most serious medical problems in dentistry. Data from the literature increasingly indicate that changes in the oral microbiome, and therefore, the overgrowing of pathological microflora, lead to a variety of oral-localized medical conditions such as caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis. In recent years, compelling research has been devoted to the use of natural antimicrobial peptides as therapeutic agents in the possible treatment of oral diseases. This review focuses on the potential of ceragenins (CSAs), which are lipid analogs of natural antimicrobial peptides, as molecules for the development of new methods for the prevention and treatment of oral diseases. Studies to date indicate that ceragenins, with their spectrum of multidirectional biological activities, including antimicrobial, tissue regeneration-stimulating, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties, are strong candidates for further development of oral formulations. However, many of the beneficial properties of ceragenins require confirmation in experimental conditions reproducing the oral environment to fully determine their application potential. Their transition to practical use also requires more advanced testing of these molecules in clinical trials, which have only been conducted in limited numbers to date.
口腔疾病，无论是急性还是慢性，由感染性或非感染性病因引起，都是牙科领域一些最严重的医学问题。文献数据越来越表明，口腔微生物群的变化，进而病理性微生物群的过度生长，会导致各种口腔局部病症，如龋齿、牙龈炎和牙周炎。近年来，已有引人注目的研究致力于将天然抗菌肽用作口腔疾病可能治疗中的治疗剂。本综述聚焦于鲨菌素（CSAs）的潜力，鲨菌素是天然抗菌肽的脂质类似物，可作为开发预防和治疗口腔疾病新方法的分子。迄今为止的研究表明，鲨菌素具有多向生物活性谱，包括抗菌、刺激组织再生、抗炎和免疫调节特性，是进一步开发口腔制剂的有力候选物。然而，鲨菌素的许多有益特性需要在重现口腔环境的实验条件下得到证实，以充分确定其应用潜力。它们向实际应用的转化还需要在临床试验中对这些分子进行更先进的测试，而迄今为止此类试验开展的数量有限。
