Yao Fanghui, Zhao Qian, Wang Di, Li Xuewen
Department of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
Microorganisms. 2024 Dec 20;12(12):2646. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12122646.
The surging prevalence rates of ESBL-producing (ESBL-Ec) pose a serious threat to public health. To date, most research on drug-resistant bacteria and genes has focused on livestock and poultry breeding areas, hospital clinical areas, natural water environments, and wastewater treatment plants. However, few studies have been conducted on drug-resistant bacteria in vegetable cultivation. In this study, a total of vegetable farmers (n = 59) from six villages were surveyed. Fecal samples were collected from vegetable farmers; we also collected environmental samples, including river water, well water, soil, river sediment, vegetable surface swabs, and fish intestinal tracts. The ESBL-Ec intestinal colonization rate in vegetable farmers was 76.27%. PFGE results indicated two patterns of ESBL-Ec transmission within the vegetable cultivation area: among vegetable farmers, and among river water, river sediments, and vegetable farmers. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, three transmission patterns of ESBL-Ec outside the vegetable cultivation area were inferred: human-human, human-animal-human, and human-animal-environment. Twelve of the isolates carried closely related or identical IncF plasmids carrying . Whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis showed that ST569-B2-O134:H31 and ST38-D-O50:H30 were associated with high disease risk. We assessed the health risks of the farming population and provided a reference basis for public health surveillance and environmental management by monitoring the prevalence and transmission of ESBL-Ec in vegetable areas.
产超广谱β-内酰胺酶大肠杆菌（ESBL-Ec）的患病率激增对公众健康构成了严重威胁。迄今为止，大多数关于耐药细菌和基因的研究都集中在畜禽养殖区、医院临床区域、自然水环境和污水处理厂。然而，针对蔬菜种植中耐药细菌的研究却很少。在本研究中，对来自六个村庄的59名菜农进行了调查。采集了菜农的粪便样本；我们还采集了环境样本，包括河水、井水、土壤、河流沉积物、蔬菜表面拭子和鱼肠道。菜农中ESBL-Ec肠道定植率为76.27%。脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）结果表明蔬菜种植区内ESBL-Ec有两种传播模式：在菜农之间，以及在河水、河流沉积物和菜农之间。基于系统发育分析，推断出蔬菜种植区外ESBL-Ec的三种传播模式：人传人、人-动物-人以及人-动物-环境。其中12株分离株携带密切相关或相同的携带……的IncF质粒。全基因组测序（WGS）分析表明，ST569-B2-O134:H31和ST38-D-O50:H30与高疾病风险相关。我们通过监测蔬菜种植区ESBL-Ec的流行情况和传播，评估了务农人群的健康风险，为公共卫生监测和环境管理提供了参考依据。
