Dobrotă Dan, Icociu Cristina Vasilica, Lazăr Sergiu, Racz Sever-Gabriel, Moraru Gina-Maria
Faculty of Engineering, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania.
Department of Robots and Production Systems, Faculty of Industrial Engineering and Robotics, National Unversity of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania.
Polymers (Basel). 2024 Dec 10;16(24):3458. doi: 10.3390/polym16243458.
This study examines the enhancement of the mechanical strength of polymer resins through reinforcement with synthetic (glass) and natural (hemp, jute) fibers, using the TRIZ-ARIZ methodology to optimize composite design for improved mechanical properties, sustainability, and economic efficiency. Mechanical testing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were conducted to evaluate the properties of the composite materials. Regarding tensile strength testing, the results showed the following: jute fiber achieved the best results, with a maximum tensile values of 43.75 MPa (partial reinforcement) and 43.53 MPa (complete reinforcement); glass fiber recorded maximum tensile values of 34.55 MPa (partial reinforcement) and 34.52 MPa (complete reinforcement); and hemp fiber yielded maximum tensile values of 24.98 MPa (partial reinforcement) and 24.86 MPa (complete reinforcement). The mechanical performance of partial reinforcements (in the area of maximum stress) was similar to that of complete reinforcements, enabling a reduction in material usage by up to 60%. The thermal analysis (TGA) results demonstrated that glass fiber-reinforced composites exhibit high thermal stability, with mass loss starting at 320 °C and a residual mass of 8.02%; for other composite materials, thermal degradation begins at 305 °C, with a residual mass of 3.69%; in jute fiber-reinforced composites, thermal degradation starts at 300 °C, with a residual mass of 3.71%. SEM analysis generally revealed good fiber-matrix adhesion, while defects such as voids or detached fibers contributed to reduced mechanical strength. These results demonstrate that natural fiber-reinforced composite materials, particularly those reinforced with jute, can be used in sustainable engineering applications. They also show that localized reinforcement provides high performance with minimal resource consumption.
本研究通过使用合成纤维（玻璃纤维）和天然纤维（大麻纤维、黄麻纤维）增强聚合物树脂的机械强度，运用TRIZ - ARIZ方法优化复合材料设计，以提高机械性能、可持续性和经济效率。进行了力学测试、热重分析（TGA）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析，以评估复合材料的性能。关于拉伸强度测试，结果如下：黄麻纤维取得了最佳结果，部分增强时最大拉伸值为43.75MPa，完全增强时为43.53MPa；玻璃纤维的最大拉伸值分别为34.55MPa（部分增强）和34.52MPa（完全增强）；大麻纤维的最大拉伸值分别为24.98MPa（部分增强）和24.86MPa（完全增强）。部分增强（在最大应力区域）的机械性能与完全增强相似，可使材料用量减少多达60%。热分析（TGA）结果表明，玻璃纤维增强复合材料具有高的热稳定性，质量损失从320℃开始，残余质量为8.02%；对于其他复合材料，热降解从305℃开始，残余质量为3.69%；在黄麻纤维增强复合材料中，热降解从300℃开始，残余质量为3.71%。SEM分析总体显示纤维与基体之间具有良好的附着力，而诸如孔隙或分离纤维等缺陷会导致机械强度降低。这些结果表明，天然纤维增强复合材料，特别是黄麻增强的复合材料，可用于可持续工程应用。研究还表明，局部增强在资源消耗最少的情况下提供了高性能。
