Batool Maryam, Zamir Ammara, Alqahtani Faleh, Ahmad Tanveer, Saeed Hamid, Rasool Muhammad Fawad
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Pharmaceutics. 2024 Dec 20;16(12):1619. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16121619.
Fexofenadine hydrochloride is a widely prescribed drug for treating histamine-mediated allergic reactions. This review systematically collates existing research on the clinical pharmacokinetics (PK) of fexofenadine, with a copious emphasis on examining the impact of stereoisomerism, disease states, and drug interactions. The search engines PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Cochrane were scanned systematically for articles concerning the clinical PK of fexofenadine in humans. The extensive literature search yielded 85 articles meeting the inclusion standards. The PK parameters of fexofenadine showed a linear correlation between increasing doses and proportional elevations in PK parameters such as area under the curve from time 0 to infinity (AUC) and maximum plasma concentration (C). Under fed conditions, its bioavailability was reduced by approximately 50%. Findings from patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) displayed a 63% decline in oral clearance (CL/F) of fexofenadine. A drug-food interaction study has displayed that grapefruit juice decreased C (201 ng/mL vs. 128 ng/mL), accompanied by a 30% reduction in the bioavailability of fexofenadine. Furthermore, a drug-herb interaction study with St John's Wort (SJW) has reported a reduction in CL/F by 10% after a single dose, but long-term administration reversed this effect, resulting in elevated CL/F by 17% of fexofenadine. Since no prior systematic review on the PK of this drug exists, this review amalgamates all pertinent PK parameters in humans by pooling up-to-date data from published studies. This detailed literature review can be advantageous for researchers who want to develop and assess PK models.
盐酸非索非那定是一种广泛用于治疗组胺介导的过敏反应的药物。本综述系统整理了关于非索非那定临床药代动力学(PK)的现有研究,重点大量考察了立体异构、疾病状态和药物相互作用的影响。系统检索了PubMed、Science Direct、谷歌学术和Cochrane等搜索引擎,以查找有关非索非那定在人体中的临床PK的文章。广泛的文献检索产生了85篇符合纳入标准的文章。非索非那定的PK参数显示,剂量增加与PK参数(如从时间0到无穷大的曲线下面积(AUC)和最大血浆浓度(C))的成比例升高之间存在线性关系。在进食条件下,其生物利用度降低了约50%。终末期肾病(ESRD)患者的研究结果显示,非索非那定的口服清除率(CL/F)下降了63%。一项药物-食物相互作用研究表明,葡萄柚汁降低了C(201 ng/mL对128 ng/mL),同时非索非那定的生物利用度降低了30%。此外,一项与圣约翰草(SJW)的药物-草药相互作用研究报告称,单次给药后CL/F降低了10%,但长期给药则逆转了这种效果,导致非索非那定的CL/F升高了17%。由于此前没有关于该药物PK的系统综述,本综述通过汇总已发表研究的最新数据,整合了所有相关的人体PK参数。这一详细的文献综述对想要开发和评估PK模型的研究人员可能是有益的。