Kalligosfyri Panagiota M, Lamprou Eleni, Kalogianni Despina P
Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR26504 Patras, Greece.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Dec 11;24(24):7902. doi: 10.3390/s24247902.
Liquid biopsy is an efficient diagnostic/prognostic tool for tumor-derived component detection in peripheral circulation and other body fluids. The rapid assessment of liquid biopsy techniques facilitates early cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Early and precise detection of tumor biomarkers provides crucial information about the tumor that guides clinicians towards effective personalized medicine. Point-of-care-testing remains still a great challenge in cancer diagnostics. Liquid biopsy is a promising alternative to tissue biopsy with the great advantages of less invasion and real-time monitoring of the disease, also providing information about tumor heterogeneity. The field is continuously and rapidly expanding. Numerous sophisticated biosensors have been developed targeting several biomarkers to achieve low detection limits, increased specificity and robustness. Current biosensors include mainly optical sensors, such as colorimetric, fluorescent, SPR, SERS and lateral flow assays. Electrochemical sensors have also been developed, providing very low detection limits. Colorimetric sensors exhibited simplicity in signal interpretation, while fluorescent sensors contributed to low analysis times, and SPR/SERS enabled label-free and rapid analysis. Novel target amplification and signal enhancement techniques have been exploited to increase the detectability of the sensors. In this context, this review is focused on the recent advances in biosensing technology for cutting-edge liquid biopsy applications towards point-of-care testing.
液体活检是一种用于在外周循环和其他体液中检测肿瘤衍生成分的高效诊断/预后工具。液体活检技术的快速评估有助于癌症的早期诊断和预后判断。肿瘤生物标志物的早期精确检测可为肿瘤提供关键信息，指导临床医生实施有效的个性化医疗。即时检测在癌症诊断中仍然是一个巨大的挑战。液体活检作为组织活检的一种有前景的替代方法，具有侵入性小和可实时监测疾病等巨大优势，还能提供有关肿瘤异质性的信息。该领域正在持续快速发展。为了实现低检测限、提高特异性和稳健性，针对多种生物标志物已开发出众多先进的生物传感器。当前的生物传感器主要包括光学传感器，如比色法、荧光法、表面等离子体共振（SPR）、表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）和侧向流动分析。电化学传感器也已被开发出来，具有极低的检测限。比色传感器在信号解读方面表现出简单性，而荧光传感器有助于缩短分析时间，SPR/SERS则能够实现无标记快速分析。已采用新型目标扩增和信号增强技术来提高传感器的可检测性。在此背景下，本综述聚焦于用于即时检测的前沿液体活检应用的生物传感技术的最新进展。
