Le Solliec Tom, Hautier Christophe, Gassier Robin, Trama Robin, Gilbert Benoit, Song Lin, Zhang Qingshan
Université de Lyon, UCBL1 Laboratoire Inter Universitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, EA 7424, 69100 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
Babolat VS, 69009 Lyon, France.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Dec 14;24(24):7999. doi: 10.3390/s24247999.
This study investigated muscle activation, shocks, and vibrations of the upper extremities during tennis serves between junior and adult tennis players. Thirty-five well-trained tennis players (15 juniors and 20 adults) performed 10 maximal successful tennis serves. Two triaxial accelerometers recorded the shock and vibration on the racket and the hand on the dominant side. Eight surface EMG electrodes were also used to measure the arm muscles' activities. Linear mixed models were used to test the fixed effect of age on muscular activation and vibration. Statistical non-Parametric Mapping was employed to make statistical inferences on the EMG and accelerometer data obtained from the continuous wavelet transform. Comparing EMG parameters between junior and adult players reveals similar upper limb intermuscular coordination. The junior players experienced lower racket and hand vibration amplitudes, which were partially explained by a lower ball velocity. This study revealed that young players showed no difference in EMG parameters in the tennis serve but were as exposed to shocks and vibrations as adults when compared based on a given speed and a given handgrip force. These vibrations apply to an immature skeleton, which can increase the risk of injuries caused by overuse. In addition, differences in the racket vibration frequency provide original knowledge to engineers who need to develop innovative sports equipment for tennis.
本研究调查了青少年和成年网球运动员在网球发球过程中上肢的肌肉激活、冲击和振动情况。35名训练有素的网球运动员（15名青少年和20名成年人）进行了10次最大成功网球发球。两个三轴加速度计记录了优势侧球拍和手上的冲击和振动。还使用了八个表面肌电图电极来测量手臂肌肉的活动。线性混合模型用于测试年龄对肌肉激活和振动的固定效应。采用统计非参数映射对从连续小波变换获得的肌电图和加速度计数据进行统计推断。比较青少年和成年球员之间的肌电图参数发现，上肢肌肉间协调性相似。青少年球员的球拍和手部振动幅度较低，这部分是由于球速较低所致。本研究表明，年轻球员在网球发球时肌电图参数没有差异，但在给定速度和给定握力的基础上进行比较时，他们受到的冲击和振动与成年人一样多。这些振动作用于未成熟的骨骼，可能会增加过度使用导致受伤的风险。此外，球拍振动频率的差异为需要开发创新网球运动装备的工程师提供了原始知识。
