Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
CIAMS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2024 Oct;24(10):1472-1479. doi: 10.1002/ejsc.12199. Epub 2024 Sep 21.
We examined the effect of prolonged tennis playing on lower limb muscles' activity during the execution of first and second tennis serves. Ten male competitive tennis players executed five first and second serves before (pretest) and after (posttest) a 3-h tennis match. Surface electromyographic (EMG) activity of four lower limb muscles (vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, gastrocnemius lateralis, and soleus muscles) on each leg was recorded along with maximum ball velocity measured by a radar gun and peak vertical forces recorded by a force platform. For the vastus lateralis, gastrocnemius lateralis, and soleus muscles of the left leg as well as the vastus lateralis muscle of the right leg, EMG amplitude decreased from pre- to posttests (p ≤ 0.033). These reductions in the EMG signal were generally more pronounced in the first serve (i.e., ranging from -10% to -40%) compared to the second serve (0% to -25%). Maximum ball velocity for both first (159 ± 12 vs. 154 ± 12 km/h) and second (126 ± 20 vs. 125 ± 15 km/h) serves remained unchanged from pre- to posttests (p = 0.638) Similarly, peak vertical forces did not differ between pretest and posttest for both first (1.78 ± 0.30 vs. 1.72 ± 0.29 body weight) and second (1.62 ± 0.25 vs. 1.75 ± 0.23 body weight) serves (p = 0.730). In conclusion, a 3-h tennis match led to decreased activation levels in various leg muscles during serves, particularly in first serves compared to second serves. Despite consistent maximum ball velocity and peak vertical forces, these reductions in EMG signals suggest that skilled tennis players may adopt compensatory strategies after prolonged play.
我们研究了长时间打网球对执行一发和二发时下肢肌肉活动的影响。10 名男性竞技网球运动员在 3 小时网球比赛前后（预测试和后测试）各执行了 5 次一发和二发。每条腿的四个下肢肌肉（股外侧肌、股直肌、腓肠外侧肌和比目鱼肌）的表面肌电图（EMG）活动以及通过雷达枪测量的最大球速和通过力台记录的峰值垂直力。对于左腿的股外侧肌、腓肠外侧肌和比目鱼肌以及右腿的股外侧肌，EMG 幅度从预测试到后测试都降低了（p≤0.033）。与二发相比，一发时 EMG 信号的这种降低更为明显（即-10%至-40%）（0%至-25%）。一发（159±12 比 154±12 公里/小时）和二发（126±20 比 125±15 公里/小时）的最大球速在前测和后测之间保持不变（p=0.638）。同样，一发（1.78±0.30 比 1.72±0.29 体重）和二发（1.62±0.25 比 1.75±0.23 体重）的峰值垂直力在前测和后测之间没有差异（p=0.730）。总之，3 小时的网球比赛导致发球时各腿部肌肉的激活水平降低，尤其是一发比二发更明显。尽管最大球速和峰值垂直力保持一致，但这些 EMG 信号的降低表明，技术娴熟的网球运动员在长时间比赛后可能会采用补偿策略。
