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老年人疫苗接种推广策略：系统评价与荟萃分析

Vaccination Promotion Strategies in the Elderly: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

作者信息

Pereira Ana, Pinho Cláudia, Oliveira Adriana, Santos Rui, Felgueiras Miguel, Martins João P

机构信息

ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.

REQUIMTE/LAQV, ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.

出版信息

Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Dec 11;12(12):1395. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12121395.

DOI:10.3390/vaccines12121395
PMID:39772056
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11728613/
Abstract

The World Health Organization estimates that currently available vaccines prevent 2 to 3 million deaths worldwide each year. Preventing infectious diseases is an important public health priority to ensure healthy ageing and improve quality of life. This study's aim is to identify the best strategies to increase vaccination coverage in the elderly. : A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out, including a bibliographic search in the PubMed and Scopus databases. Studies in older people (60 years or older) on any type of intervention aimed at increasing vaccination coverage were included. The effect of the intervention was measured using the odds ratio (OR). : After applying the selection criteria, 20 studies were identified: 17 on influenza vaccines and 3 on other vaccines. Educational strategies obtained an OR = 1.63 (95% CI: 1.22-2.19, I2 = 0.59). Medical counselling obtained an OR = 3.13 (95% CI: 0.60-16.37, I2 = 0.95). Writing strategies obtained an OR = 1.14 (95% CI: 0.99-1.32, I2 = 0.93). Few studies reported the effect of free vaccination. : The educational strategies proved to be more effective than the others in this study. Free vaccination and age may have important roles. Further studies are needed as research in this area remains limited.

摘要

世界卫生组织估计，目前可用的疫苗每年在全球预防200万至300万人死亡。预防传染病是确保健康老龄化和提高生活质量的重要公共卫生优先事项。本研究的目的是确定提高老年人疫苗接种覆盖率的最佳策略。：进行了一项系统评价和荟萃分析，包括在PubMed和Scopus数据库中进行文献检索。纳入了针对60岁及以上老年人的任何旨在提高疫苗接种覆盖率的干预措施的研究。干预效果采用优势比（OR）进行衡量。：应用选择标准后，确定了20项研究：17项关于流感疫苗，3项关于其他疫苗。教育策略的OR = 1.63（95%CI：1.22 - 2.19，I2 = 0.59）。医学咨询的OR = 3.13（95%CI：0.60 - 16.37，I2 = 0.95）。书面策略的OR = 1.14（95%CI：0.99 - 1.32，I2 = 0.93）。很少有研究报告免费接种疫苗的效果。：在本研究中，教育策略被证明比其他策略更有效。免费接种疫苗和年龄可能发挥重要作用。由于该领域的研究仍然有限，需要进一步的研究。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/367e/11728613/e597d85b5fb0/vaccines-12-01395-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/367e/11728613/616e82a785d1/vaccines-12-01395-g001.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/367e/11728613/053285f27232/vaccines-12-01395-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/367e/11728613/1c4fba2cb447/vaccines-12-01395-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/367e/11728613/70bd2240aab9/vaccines-12-01395-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/367e/11728613/e597d85b5fb0/vaccines-12-01395-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/367e/11728613/616e82a785d1/vaccines-12-01395-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/367e/11728613/9935dc67670e/vaccines-12-01395-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/367e/11728613/2c1212ba50ab/vaccines-12-01395-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/367e/11728613/5b7b2adf49b7/vaccines-12-01395-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/367e/11728613/053285f27232/vaccines-12-01395-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/367e/11728613/1c4fba2cb447/vaccines-12-01395-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/367e/11728613/70bd2240aab9/vaccines-12-01395-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/367e/11728613/e597d85b5fb0/vaccines-12-01395-g008.jpg

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