Jin Ling, Compton Sidonia E, Al-Khaz'Aly Hawra, Contractor Ateka A
Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2025 Dec;16(1):2447202. doi: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2447202. Epub 2025 Jan 8.
Black, Indigenous, People of Color (BIPOC) first responders in Canada report experiencing racism and an increased risk of trauma-related mental health symptoms. Using a BIPOC first responder sample in Canada, the present study examined subgroups of BIPOC first responders based on the frequency of different types of racist events, and their relations with mental health symptoms (posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD] symptom clusters of intrusion, avoidance, negative alterations in cognitions and mood [NACM], and alterations in arousal and reactivity [AAR]; depression severity; anxiety severity). The sample included 196 BIPOC first responders who reported more than one traumatic experience (= 35.30; 71.4% men). Latent profile analyses indicated a best-fitting 3-profile solution: Low (Profile 1), Moderate (Profile 2), and High (Profile 3) Frequency of Racist Events. Multinomial logistic regression indicated that BIPOC first responders reporting more frequent racist events endorsed greater depression severity, anxiety severity, and PTSD's NACM symptom severity. Findings improve our understanding of subgroups of BIPOC first responders based on the frequency and types of racist events they experience. Results highlight the need to incorporate assessments of racism-related experiences into therapeutic work, and to target depression, anxiety, and NACM symptoms among those who encounter more racist events.
加拿大的黑人、原住民及有色人种（BIPOC）急救人员报告称，他们遭受了种族主义，且出现与创伤相关的心理健康症状的风险增加。本研究以加拿大的BIPOC急救人员为样本，根据不同类型种族主义事件的发生频率，对BIPOC急救人员的亚组进行了研究，并探讨了这些亚组与心理健康症状（创伤后应激障碍[PTSD]的侵入性症状群、回避症状群、认知和情绪的消极改变[NACM]以及觉醒和反应性改变[AAR]；抑郁严重程度；焦虑严重程度）之间的关系。样本包括196名报告有不止一次创伤经历的BIPOC急救人员（=35.30；71.4%为男性）。潜在剖面分析表明，最佳拟合的三剖面解决方案为：低（剖面1）、中（剖面2）和高（剖面3）种族主义事件发生频率。多项逻辑回归分析表明，报告种族主义事件更频繁的BIPOC急救人员，其抑郁严重程度、焦虑严重程度以及PTSD的NACM症状严重程度更高。研究结果增进了我们对基于所经历的种族主义事件的频率和类型的BIPOC急救人员亚组的理解。结果强调，有必要将对与种族主义相关经历的评估纳入治疗工作中，并针对那些遭遇更多种族主义事件的人，治疗其抑郁、焦虑和NACM症状。
