Aragaw Girmay, Terefe Habtamu
Department of Plant Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabore, Ethiopia.
School of Plant Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 30;19(12):e0316016. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0316016. eCollection 2024.
Sorghum anthracnose is one of the major diseases that have negative impacts on sorghum production in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to evaluate the resistance response of sorghum genotypes against sorghum anthracnose and to determine yield performances of sorghum genotypes under field conditions in two consecutive cropping years. Forty-nine sorghum genotypes were tested for their reactions to anthracnose in the East and West Hararghe Zones, East Ethiopia, during the 2017 and 2018 main cropping seasons. The design of the experiment was laid out in triple lattice square design with three replications. Anthracnose severity was assessed on 16 randomly selected and pre-tagged sorghum plants in the middle two rows of each plot. The eight subsequent times of severity assessments were used to evaluate the response of the genotypes to sorghum anthracnose. The ranges of the mean severity of anthracnose in 2017 and 2018 were 35 to 91% and 38 to 93%, respectively. In 2017 and 2018, the area under disease progress curve varied from 1744 to 3865% of days and from 2354 to 4908% of days, respectively. During the two growing seasons, the genotype ETSL 101469 displayed the highest anthracnose severity, followed by BTX-623. In both experimental years, anthracnose had very strong negative relationships with grain yield and thousand seed weight. The current study demonstrated how Ethiopian sorghum genotypes affect anthracnose development in the field conditions. Throughout the two experimental years, the sorghum genotypes ETSL 100335, ETSL 100395, ETSL 10474, ETSL 100523, ETSL 100498, ETSL 100989, ETSL 100597, and ETSL 101000 continuously exhibited lower disease levels than the other genotypes. Therefore, it is advised to use these genotypes as alternate sources of sorghum anthracnose resistance. Nonetheless, further research across location is necessary to validate their anthracnose resistance in a variety of agro-ecologies.
高粱炭疽病是对埃塞俄比亚高粱生产产生负面影响的主要病害之一。本研究旨在评估高粱基因型对高粱炭疽病的抗性反应，并确定连续两个种植年份田间条件下高粱基因型的产量表现。在2017年和2018年的主要种植季节，对埃塞俄比亚东部哈拉尔格东部和西部两个地区的49个高粱基因型进行了炭疽病抗性测试。试验设计采用三重格子方设计，重复三次。在每个小区中间两行随机选取并预先标记的16株高粱植株上评估炭疽病严重程度。随后的八次严重程度评估用于评估基因型对高粱炭疽病的反应。2017年和2018年炭疽病平均严重程度范围分别为35%至91%和38%至93%。2017年和2018年，病情进展曲线下面积分别为1744至3865%日和2354至4908%日。在两个生长季节中，基因型ETSL 101469表现出最高的炭疽病严重程度，其次是BTX - 623。在两个试验年份中，炭疽病与籽粒产量和千粒重均呈极显著负相关。本研究证明了埃塞俄比亚高粱基因型在田间条件下对炭疽病发展的影响。在整个两个试验年份中，高粱基因型ETSL 100335、ETSL 100395、ETSL 10474、ETSL 100523、ETSL 100498、ETSL 100989、ETSL 100597和ETSL 101000的病情水平持续低于其他基因型。因此，建议将这些基因型作为高粱炭疽病抗性的替代来源。尽管如此，仍需要在不同地点进行进一步研究，以验证它们在各种农业生态环境中的炭疽病抗性。
