下丘脑炎症与神经胶质增生的最新进展：肥胖之外相关性证据不断增加
Update on Hypothalamic Inflammation and Gliosis: Expanding Evidence of Relevance Beyond Obesity.
作者信息
Huang Alyssa, Yeum Dabin, Sewaybricker Leticia E, Aleksic Sandra, Thomas Melbin, Melhorn Susan J, Earley Yumei Feng, Schur Ellen A
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
出版信息
Curr Obes Rep. 2025 Jan 8;14(1):6. doi: 10.1007/s13679-024-00595-8.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
To evaluate the role of hypothalamic inflammation and gliosis in human obesity pathogenesis and other disease processes influenced by obesity.
RECENT FINDINGS
Recent studies using established and novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques to assess alterations in hypothalamic microarchitecture in humans support the presence of hypothalamic inflammation and gliosis in adults and children with obesity. Studies also identify prenatal exposure to maternal obesity or diabetes as a risk factor for hypothalamic inflammation and gliosis and increased obesity risk in offspring. Hypothalamic inflammation and gliosis have been further implicated in reproductive dysfunction (specifically polycystic ovarian syndrome and male hypogonadism), cardiovascular disease namely hypertension, and alterations in the gut microbiome, and may also accelerate neurocognitive aging. The most recent translational studies support the link between hypothalamic inflammation and gliosis and obesity pathogenesis in humans and expand our understanding of its influence on broader aspects of human health.
综述目的
评估下丘脑炎症和胶质增生在人类肥胖发病机制以及受肥胖影响的其他疾病过程中的作用。
最新发现
近期使用成熟和新型磁共振成像（MRI）技术评估人类下丘脑微观结构改变的研究表明，肥胖的成人和儿童存在下丘脑炎症和胶质增生。研究还确定，产前暴露于母亲肥胖或糖尿病环境是下丘脑炎症和胶质增生以及后代肥胖风险增加的一个危险因素。下丘脑炎症和胶质增生还与生殖功能障碍（特别是多囊卵巢综合征和男性性腺功能减退）、心血管疾病即高血压以及肠道微生物群改变有关，并且可能还会加速神经认知衰老。最新的转化研究支持了下丘脑炎症和胶质增生与人类肥胖发病机制之间的联系，并扩展了我们对其对人类健康更广泛方面影响的理解。
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