Liu Chang, Wang Xinyue, Ong Hon Shing, Ang Marcus, Chee Soon-Phaik, Ching Jianhong, Chua Kee Voon, Han Sharon Hong Yu, Mehta Jodhbir S, Zhou Lei, Liu Yu-Chi
Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.
School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2025 Jan 2;66(1):10. doi: 10.1167/iovs.66.1.10.
To investigate the aqueous proteomics and metabolomics in low-energy and high-energy femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS).
In this prospective observational study, 72 patients were randomized to 3 groups: low-energy FLACS, high-energy FLACS, and conventional phacoemulsification (controls). Aqueous was collected after femtosecond laser treatment or at the beginning of surgery (controls). Proteomic analysis was conducted using a data-independent acquisition method, whereas aqueous metabolomics were analyzed with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to integrate the results of proteomics and metabolomics.
Compared with low-energy FLACS, significantly elevated aqueous hemoglobin subunit beta, G protein subunit beta, carbonic anhydrase 1, and asymmetric dimethylarginine were observed in high-energy FLACS, suggesting significantly greater oxidative stress, inflammation, immunity, metabolism, and mitochondrial fatty acids oxidation. Compared with controls, significantly increased aqueous proteins and metabolites related to immune and inflammation (beta-crystallin B1, hemoglobin subunit beta, putrescine, and spermine) and oxidative stress (heat shock proteins, peroxiredoxins, and long-chain acylcarnitines) were observed in FLACS. Joint pathway analysis revealed nicotinate/nicotinamide metabolism and riboflavin metabolism were significantly overexpressed in high-energy FLACS compared with low-energy FLACS, whereas the pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis were the most significant pathways when comparing FLACS with controls.
FLACS induced higher immunological and inflammatory responses, oxidative stress reactions, and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidative stress compared with controls. These differential effects were more pronounced when a higher laser energy was used.
研究低能量和高能量飞秒激光辅助白内障手术（FLACS）中的房水蛋白质组学和代谢组学。
在这项前瞻性观察研究中，72例患者被随机分为3组：低能量FLACS组、高能量FLACS组和传统超声乳化组（对照组）。在飞秒激光治疗后或手术开始时（对照组）收集房水。使用数据非依赖采集方法进行蛋白质组学分析，而房水代谢组学则通过液相色谱-串联质谱法进行分析。进行生物信息学分析以整合蛋白质组学和代谢组学的结果。
与低能量FLACS相比，高能量FLACS中房水血红蛋白亚基β、G蛋白亚基β、碳酸酐酶1和不对称二甲基精氨酸显著升高，表明氧化应激、炎症、免疫、代谢和线粒体脂肪酸氧化明显增强。与对照组相比，FLACS中与免疫和炎症相关的房水蛋白质和代谢物（β-晶状体蛋白B1、血红蛋白亚基β、腐胺和精胺）以及氧化应激相关的物质（热休克蛋白、过氧化物酶和长链酰基肉碱）显著增加。联合通路分析显示，与低能量FLACS相比，高能量FLACS中烟酸/烟酰胺代谢和核黄素代谢显著过度表达，而与对照组相比，磷酸戊糖途径和糖酵解是最显著的途径。
与对照组相比，FLACS诱导了更高的免疫和炎症反应、氧化应激反应以及线粒体脂肪酸氧化应激。当使用更高的激光能量时，这些差异效应更为明显。
