Chen Shengjun, Song Xiaodong, Lv Changjun
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, China.
Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
Curr Mol Med. 2025;25(4):416-430. doi: 10.2174/0115665240286046240112112310.
Most chronic respiratory diseases often lead to the clinical manifestation of pulmonary fibrosis. Inflammation and immune disorders are widely recognized as primary contributors to the onset of pulmonary fibrosis. Given that macrophages are predominantly responsible for inflammation and immune disorders, in this review, we first focused on the role of different subpopulations of macrophages in the lung and discussed the crosstalk between macrophages and other immune cells, such as neutrophils, regulatory T cells, NKT cells, and B lymphocytes during pulmonary fibrogenesis. Subsequently, we analyzed the interaction between macrophages and fibroblasts as a possible new research direction. Finally, we proposed that exosomes, which function as a means of communication between macrophages and target cells to maintain cellular homeostasis, are a strategy for targeting lung drugs in the future. By comprehending the mechanisms underlying the interplay between macrophages and other lung cells, we aim to enhance our understanding of pulmonary fibrosis, leading to improved diagnostics, preventative measures, and the potential development of macrophage-based therapeutics.
大多数慢性呼吸道疾病常导致肺纤维化的临床表现。炎症和免疫紊乱被广泛认为是肺纤维化发病的主要因素。鉴于巨噬细胞在炎症和免疫紊乱中起主要作用，在本综述中，我们首先聚焦于肺中不同亚群巨噬细胞的作用，并讨论了肺纤维化形成过程中巨噬细胞与其他免疫细胞（如中性粒细胞、调节性T细胞、自然杀伤T细胞和B淋巴细胞）之间的相互作用。随后，我们分析了巨噬细胞与成纤维细胞之间的相互作用，将其作为一个可能的新研究方向。最后，我们提出，外泌体作为巨噬细胞与靶细胞之间维持细胞稳态的通讯方式，是未来肺部药物靶向治疗的一种策略。通过理解巨噬细胞与其他肺细胞之间相互作用的潜在机制，我们旨在加深对肺纤维化的理解，从而改善诊断、预防措施，并推动基于巨噬细胞的治疗方法的潜在发展。
