Chen Xiaoxue, Xiao Fang, Miao Yuhua, Qin Huiying, Yang Lirong, Shen Fang, Yuan Xiuhong
Department of Gastric Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 9;20(1):e0313822. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313822. eCollection 2025.
The demand for frailty care is continuously increasing in hospitalized tumor patients with the aging of the population. Nurses are the primary care providers of hospitalized tumor patients with frailty but research on exploring their behavior and associated factors is limited. This study aims to describe the current situation of frailty care behaviors in oncology nurses and to explore the factors influencing frailty care behaviors.
From August 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024, this cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses from oncology-related departments in 5 Secondary A (mid-tier hospitals providing comprehensive care) or above hospitals in South China. Convenience sampling was employed to recruit participants. In China, a "Secondary A hospital is a mid-tier hospital that provides comprehensive medical care and handles more complex cases than primary hospitals but is smaller and less specialized than tertiary hospitals. Data were collected using the standardized frailty-knowledge, attitudes, and practices questionnaire (F-KAP) and general information questionnaire including sociodemographic and work-related details. The sub-scale scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice were calculated by summing up the items within each sub-scale. Student's independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and two kinds of multiple linear regression models were used for data analysis.
We included a total of 17 (3.70%) male and 443 (96.30%) female participants in this study. The mean total score of oncology nurses for frailty care behaviors was 33.26±6.61. The three lowest scoring behaviors were "conduct frailty measurements and screening for patients (3.30±1.12)", "accumulate frailty-related knowledge in daily work (3.59±0.87)", and "actively pay attention to the patient's debilitating condition". Pearson's correlations analysis showed that nursing grades (r = 0.13), frailty-related training willingness (r = 0.18), nursing frail patients experience (r = 0.22), frailty-related knowledge learning experience (r = 0.33), frailty-related training experience (r = 0.17), frailty care knowledge (r = 0.23), and hospice care attitudes (r = 0.54) were positively associated with frailty care behaviors. Two kinds of multiple linear regression models both showed that the factors most significantly associated with the oncology nurses' frailty care behaviors are their self-rated subjective knowledge and attitudes towards frailty identification.
Oncology nurses practiced relatively low-frequency frailty in daily work. Our findings provide theoretical support for improving frailty care attitudes among nurses and enhancing patient quality of life.
随着人口老龄化，住院肿瘤患者对衰弱护理的需求不断增加。护士是住院衰弱肿瘤患者的主要护理提供者，但关于探索其行为及相关因素的研究有限。本研究旨在描述肿瘤专科护士衰弱护理行为的现状，并探讨影响衰弱护理行为的因素。
2023年8月1日至2024年3月31日，本横断面研究在华南地区5家二级甲等（提供综合护理的中级医院）及以上医院的肿瘤相关科室护士中进行。采用便利抽样法招募参与者。在中国，“二级甲等医院”是提供综合医疗服务的中级医院，处理的病例比基层医院更复杂，但比三级医院规模小且专业性弱。使用标准化的衰弱知识、态度和实践问卷（F-KAP）以及包括社会人口学和工作相关细节的一般信息问卷收集数据。知识、态度和实践的子量表得分通过将每个子量表中的项目相加计算得出。采用学生独立t检验、单因素方差分析、Pearson相关系数以及两种多元线性回归模型进行数据分析。
本研究共纳入17名男性（3.70%）和443名女性参与者（96.30%）。肿瘤专科护士衰弱护理行为的平均总分是33.26±6.61。得分最低的三项行为分别是“对患者进行衰弱测量和筛查（3.30±1.12）”、“在日常工作中积累衰弱相关知识（3.59±0.87）”以及“主动关注患者的衰弱状况”。Pearson相关性分析显示，护理级别（r = 0.13）、衰弱相关培训意愿（r = 0.18）、护理衰弱患者的经验（r = 0.22）、衰弱相关知识学习经验（r = 0.33）、衰弱相关培训经验（r = 0.17）、衰弱护理知识（r = 0.23）以及临终关怀态度（r = 0.54）与衰弱护理行为呈正相关。两种多元线性回归模型均显示，与肿瘤专科护士衰弱护理行为最显著相关的因素是他们对衰弱识别的自评主观知识和态度。
肿瘤专科护士在日常工作中实施衰弱护理的频率相对较低。我们的研究结果为改善护士对衰弱护理的态度以及提高患者生活质量提供了理论支持。
