Wang Yuqing, Wang Lin, Lin Shuhua, Zhang Zhaode, Li Xiaoqing, Lin Lingli
Department of Ophthalmology, Ningde Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Ningde, Fujian, China.
Eye Hospital, The First hospital Affiliated of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Noise Health. 2024;26(123):483-488. doi: 10.4103/nah.nah_86_24. Epub 2024 Dec 30.
With the aging of the population, the deterioration of visual and auditory functions amongst the elderly has attracted much attention. Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are common eye and ear diseases that seriously affect the quality of life of elderly population.
This study utilised a whole cohort sampling method, with a total of 713 participants aged 50 years and older in the community from June 2022 to October 2023, resulting in the inclusion of 620 participants. Demographic information was collected from these participants, and eye and hearing examinations were conducted at Ningde Municipal Hospital affiliated of Fujian Medical University. Spearman's correlation analysis was utilised to investigate the association between ARHL and AMD in patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the factors influencing ARHL to provide insights for preventing and treating ARHL and AMD in older individuals.
Correlation analysis indicated a significantly positive relationship between ARHL and AMD (P < 0.001). The results showed that age, medical history, AMD and chronic noise exposure were risk factors for ARHL.
There were 196 cases of AMD in ARHL patients (82.35%). Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that ARHL was associated with AMD; logistic regression analysis revealed that age, medical history, macular degeneration and history of prolonged noise exposure were risk factors for ARHL. Among them, age, medical history (hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and diabetes mellitus), noise and AMD influence the development of ARHL in the elderly population. Therefore, attention should be paid to controlling risk factors in this population to prevent or reduce the development of ARHL.
随着人口老龄化，老年人视觉和听觉功能的衰退备受关注。年龄相关性听力损失（ARHL）和年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是常见的眼耳疾病，严重影响老年人群的生活质量。
本研究采用整群抽样方法，于2022年6月至2023年10月在社区中选取了713名年龄在50岁及以上的参与者，最终纳入620名参与者。收集这些参与者的人口统计学信息，并在福建医科大学附属宁德市医院进行眼耳检查。采用Spearman相关性分析来研究患者中ARHL与AMD之间的关联。运用多因素logistic回归分析来确定影响ARHL的因素，为老年个体ARHL和AMD的防治提供见解。
相关性分析表明ARHL与AMD之间存在显著正相关（P<0.001）。结果显示，年龄、病史、AMD和长期噪声暴露是ARHL的危险因素。
ARHL患者中有196例AMD（82.35%）。Spearman相关性分析显示ARHL与AMD相关；logistic回归分析显示年龄、病史、黄斑变性和长期噪声暴露史是ARHL的危险因素。其中，年龄、病史（高血压、高脂血症和糖尿病）、噪声和AMD影响老年人群ARHL的发生发展。因此，应关注控制该人群中的危险因素，以预防或减少ARHL的发生。
