Turlington Margaret, Campbell Brady, Cahn Matthew, McClure Megan, Kavic Stephen M
University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland.
University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
J Surg Educ. 2025 Mar;82(3):103409. doi: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2024.103409. Epub 2025 Jan 8.
The majority of residents pursue fellowship following training in general surgery, especially at academic medical centers. However, there is no singular body that oversees fellowship, and many aspects of fellowship remain speculative, including application and admissions. Our aim was to define the known statistics around surgical fellowships.
We performed a retrospective analysis of publicly available data from the National Residency Match Program (NRMP), the Fellowship Council, the SF Match, and the American Council on Graduate Medical Education Data Resource Book for 2014-2023. We included data on colorectal surgery, surgical critical care, minimally invasive surgery, surgical oncology, pediatric surgery, plastic surgery, thoracic, transplant, and vascular surgery fellowships. We did not include burn fellowship, pediatric critical care surgery, or research fellowships.
66% of US surgical residents pursue fellowship, which has been stable over the past decade. The largest fellowships are critical care, minimally invasive, vascular, and colorectal surgery. There is a very high match rate among critical care, surgical oncology, vascular, and transplant surgery for US trainees, while pediatric surgery consistently has the lowest match rate. US trainees are more likely to match into fellowship than non-US graduates.
This study provides a comprehensive snapshot of surgical fellowships in the United States. Two-thirds of surgery residents pursue fellowship, and the likelihood of matching varies substantially between specialties. These results can help inform national workforce planning and may be valuable to current residents in their fellowship application process.
大多数住院医师在完成普通外科培训后会继续深造，尤其是在学术医疗中心。然而，目前并没有一个单一的机构来监管专科培训项目，而且专科培训项目的许多方面仍存在不确定性，包括申请和录取环节。我们的目的是明确有关外科专科培训项目的已知统计数据。
我们对2014年至2023年期间从国家住院医师匹配计划（NRMP）、专科培训委员会、外科专科匹配计划（SF Match）以及毕业后医学教育数据资源手册中获取的公开数据进行了回顾性分析。我们纳入了结直肠外科、外科重症监护、微创手术、外科肿瘤学、小儿外科、整形外科、胸外科、移植外科和血管外科专科培训项目的数据。我们未纳入烧伤专科培训、小儿重症监护外科或研究型专科培训项目的数据。
66%的美国外科住院医师会继续深造，这一比例在过去十年中保持稳定不变。规模最大的专科培训项目是重症监护、微创手术、血管外科和结直肠外科。美国学员在重症监护、外科肿瘤学、血管外科和移植外科专科培训项目中的匹配率非常高，而小儿外科的匹配率一直是最低的。与非美国毕业生相比，美国学员更有可能匹配到专科培训项目。
本研究全面呈现了美国外科专科培训项目的情况。三分之二的外科住院医师会继续深造，各专科的匹配可能性差异很大。这些结果有助于为国家劳动力规划提供参考，并且对当前住院医师的专科培训申请过程可能具有重要价值。
