Ruan Xi, Li Hongyi, Wang Ziqi, Wang Yu, Nie Yamei, Li Yan, Li Yuanjing, Fan Qin, Ni Baiwei, Huang Yinxue, Hong Xuan, Sun Ting, Luo Yuan, Zou Shoukang
Unit 4-Department of Geriatric Medicine, the Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu City, China.
Department of Public Health, the Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu City, China.
BMC Geriatr. 2025 Jan 9;25(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s12877-024-05661-3.
With the aging of society, cognitive impairment in elderly people is becoming increasingly common and has caused major public health problems. The screening of cognitive impairment in elderly people and its related influencing factors can aid in the development of relevant intervention and improvement strategies.
In this study, stratified random cluster sampling was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey of elderly individuals aged 65 years in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, through an electronic questionnaire from November 2022 to November 2023. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to investigate cognitive impairment and its relevant influencing factors.
Among the 16,609 elderly people, 7524 (45.3%) were males and 9085 (54.7%) were females, with an average age of 73.6 ± 6.5 years (age range 65-101 years). The average years of education was 5.9 ± 6.2 years, and the proportion of individuals with cognitive impairment was 13.1%. With increasing age, the risk of cognitive impairment increased significantly. The risk factors for cognitive impairment in elderly individuals included advanced age, hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms, while the protective factors included higher education level, married status, and greater life satisfaction.
Cognitive impairment in elderly individuals in Chengdu is serious. We can intervene in and improve cognitive impairment in elderly people by controlling blood pressure and blood sugar, treating depressive and anxiety symptoms and developing community colleges for elderly people and increasing satisfaction with life.
随着社会老龄化，老年人认知障碍日益普遍，已引发重大公共卫生问题。筛查老年人认知障碍及其相关影响因素有助于制定相关干预和改善策略。
本研究采用分层随机整群抽样方法，于2022年11月至2023年11月通过电子问卷对四川省成都市65岁及以上老年人进行横断面调查。采用描述性分析和逻辑回归分析来调查认知障碍及其相关影响因素。
在16609名老年人中，男性7524人（45.3%），女性9085人（54.7%），平均年龄73.6±6.5岁（年龄范围65 - 101岁）。平均受教育年限为5.9±6.2年，认知障碍者比例为13.1%。随着年龄增长，认知障碍风险显著增加。老年人认知障碍的危险因素包括高龄、高血压、心脏病、糖尿病、脑血管疾病、抑郁症状和焦虑症状，而保护因素包括较高教育水平、已婚状况和较高生活满意度。
成都老年人认知障碍情况严重。我们可以通过控制血压和血糖、治疗抑郁和焦虑症状、为老年人开办社区学院以及提高生活满意度来干预和改善老年人的认知障碍。
