Humlum Anders, Vestergaard Emilie
Microeconomics Unit, Booth School of Business, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, 60637.
Department of Economics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 1353, Denmark.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Jan 7;122(1):e2414972121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2414972121. Epub 2024 Dec 30.
We study the adoption of ChatGPT, the icon of Generative AI, using a large-scale survey linked to comprehensive register data in Denmark. Surveying 18,000 workers from 11 exposed occupations, we document that ChatGPT is widespread, especially among younger and less-experienced workers. However, substantial inequalities have emerged. Women are 16 percentage points less likely to have used the tool for work. Furthermore, despite its potential to lift workers with less expertise, users of ChatGPT earned slightly more already before its arrival, even given their lower tenure. Workers see a substantial productivity potential in ChatGPT but are often hindered by employer restrictions and a perceived need for training.
我们利用丹麦一项与综合登记数据相关联的大规模调查，研究了生成式人工智能的标志性产物ChatGPT的应用情况。我们对来自11个受影响职业的18000名工人进行了调查，记录显示ChatGPT广泛存在，尤其是在年轻和经验不足的工人中。然而，已经出现了严重的不平等现象。女性使用该工具进行工作的可能性要低16个百分点。此外，尽管ChatGPT有提升专业知识较少的工人的潜力，但即使考虑到其任期较短，ChatGPT的使用者在它出现之前就已经收入略高。工人们认为ChatGPT具有巨大的提高生产力的潜力，但往往受到雇主限制和认为需要培训的阻碍。
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