Identification and characterization of fragments of major glycoproteins from platelet membrane after chymotrypsin treatment.

Human platelets were surface-labeled by the periodate/NaB3H4 method or by lactoperoxidase-catalysed iodination with 125I. The labeled platelets were treated with chymotrypsin under conditions known to give platelets which aggregate with fibrinogen without stimulation with ADP. Platelets and supernatant were then analysed by various gel electrophoretic techniques including isoelectric focusing/sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing or non-reducing conditions and two-dimensional non-reduced/reduced sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by fluorography or indirect autoradiography. Chymotrypsin-treatment of surface-labeled platelets degraded the major glycoproteins Ib, IIb and IIIa but also GP120(4.9-5.4), GPIc and GPV. The membrane-bound fragments of GPIb, IIb and IIIa could be identified and also the supernatant fragments of GPIb and GPV. GPIIIa was also cleaved within a loop structure formed by disulfide bond(s). The fact that remnants of both GPIIb and IIIa are left on chymotrypsin-treated platelets which aggregate spontaneously with fibrinogen may indicate that a complex formed by these remnants constitutes the fibrinogen-binding site on platelets.