Emerson Dawn M, Kelly Melani R, Torres-McGehee Toni M, Uriegas Nancy A, Smith Matthew O, Smith Allison B, Kloesel Kevin A
Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Department of Exercise Science and Outdoor Recreation, College of Science, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT 84058, USA.
Nutrients. 2024 Dec 28;17(1):79. doi: 10.3390/nu17010079.
Exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) is commonly observed in endurance athletes, where prolonged physical exertion combined with being unaware of personal hydration needs can lead to excessive water consumption or inadequate sodium intake. Marching band (MB) is an emerging setting for sports medicine professionals. However, there is little research on non-musculoskeletal illnesses among these performing artists. This study is part of a larger cross-sectional study and seeks to examine whether MB artists have previously experienced EAH and the presence of known EAH risk factors (e.g., pre-existing medical conditions, medication use, nutritional behaviors). Active collegiate MB members (n = 1207; mean age = 19.6 ± 1.3 years) completed an online survey that characterized demographics, medical history, and nutrition behaviors. Statistical analyses included descriptives (mean, standard deviation) and frequencies for all data. Binomial logistic regressions analyzed the relationship and determined the odds ratio (OR) between previous EAH and EAH risk factors. Participants were from 23 different states, predominately White (82.9%), female (56.7%), and at NCAA Division I institutions (92%). A total of 74 (6.1%) participants reported previously experiencing EAH, 32 (43.2%) within the past year. Previous EAH occurrence was greatest among individuals who had kidney conditions (χ(1) = 5.920, R = 0.013, OR = 15.708, = 0.015); mood/neurological conditions (χ(1) = 7.508, R = 0.017, OR = 2.154, = 0.006), particularly anxiety (χ(1) = 7.651, R = 0.017, OR = 3.590, = 0.006); used mental health medications (χ(1) = 7.512, R = 0.017, OR = 2.220, = 0.006), particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (χ(1) = 13.502, R = 0.030, OR = 3.297, < 0.001); and who dieted (χ(1) = 6.121, R = 0.014, OR = 1.913, = 0.013) or perceived they had an eating disorder (χ(1) = 9.502, R = 0.021, OR = 2.729, = 0.002). Healthcare providers should be aware that MB artists may have pre-existing medication conditions, use medication, and have inadequate nutrition. Targeted hydration and nutritional education for MB artists is essential for effective prevention and early EAH recognition, improving health and performance for MB artists within demanding environments.
运动相关性低钠血症（EAH）在耐力运动员中很常见，长时间的体力消耗加上不了解个人的水合需求，可能导致过度饮水或钠摄入不足。行进乐队（MB）是运动医学专业人员面临的一个新领域。然而，对于这些表演艺术家的非肌肉骨骼疾病的研究很少。本研究是一项更大规模横断面研究的一部分，旨在调查MB艺术家以前是否经历过EAH以及是否存在已知的EAH风险因素（例如，既往病史、药物使用、营养行为）。活跃的大学行进乐队成员（n = 1207；平均年龄 = 19.6 ± 1.3岁）完成了一项在线调查，该调查描述了人口统计学、病史和营养行为。统计分析包括所有数据的描述性统计（均值、标准差）和频率。二项逻辑回归分析了两者之间的关系，并确定了既往EAH与EAH风险因素之间的比值比（OR）。参与者来自23个不同的州，主要是白人（82.9%）、女性（56.7%），且就读于美国大学体育协会（NCAA）一级机构（92%）。共有74名（6.1%）参与者报告以前经历过EAH，其中32名（43.2%）在过去一年中经历过。既往EAH发生率在患有肾脏疾病的个体中最高（χ(1) = 5.920，R = 0.013，OR = 15.708， = 0.015）；患有情绪/神经疾病的个体（χ(1) = 7.508，R = 0.017，OR = 2.154， = 0.006），尤其是焦虑症患者（χ(1) = 7.651，R = 0.017，OR = 3.590， = 0.006）；使用精神健康药物的个体（χ(1) = 7.512，R = 0.017，OR = 2.220， = 0.006），尤其是选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂使用者（χ(1) = 13.502，R = 0.030，OR = 3.297， < 0.001）；以及节食者（χ(1) = 6.121，R = 0.014，OR = 1.913， = 0.013）或自认为患有饮食失调症的个体（χ(1) = 9.502，R = 0.021，OR = 2.729， = 0.002）。医疗保健提供者应意识到，MB艺术家可能有既往用药情况、使用药物且营养不足。针对MB艺术家的有针对性的水合和营养教育对于有效预防和早期识别EAH至关重要，可在苛刻环境中改善MB艺术家的健康状况和表现。
