Lee Dahae, Kim Sung Jin, Choi Yea Jung, Rho Young Ho, Kang Tae Seok, Kim Yoon Geol, Kang Ki Sung
College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea.
Ilivbio Co., Ltd., Seoul 06531, Republic of Korea.
Nutrients. 2025 Jan 6;17(1):193. doi: 10.3390/nu17010193.
Ice plant () is a vegetable with various therapeutic uses, one of which is its ability to prevent diabetes. The present study examined the insulin secretion effect related to the mechanism of action of ice plant extract (IPE) and its active compound D-pinitol in a rat insulin-secreting β-cell line, INS-1, as well as in diabetic rats. : The glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) test and Western blotting were used to measure GSIS. The glucose-stimulated index (GSI) and expression levels of insulin-related pathway factors, including insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, and pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1), were measured in INS-1 cells. : The results showed that the GSI values were found to be 8.17 ± 0.22 and 12.21 ± 0.22 for IPE (25 μg/mL) and D-pinitol (100 μM), respectively. GSI values increased statistically significantly. In addition, IPE and D-pinitol upregulated the expression of insulin-related pathway factors. These findings indicate that insulin secretion was significantly stimulated by IPE and D-pinitol in the INS-1 cells, partly by upregulating the expression of IRS-2, PI3K, Akt, and PDX-1. Additionally, IPE administration significantly reduced excessive weight gain and improved glucose tolerance by decreasing the OGTT-AUC. It demonstrated liver-function-improving and lipid-lowering effects by reducing serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride levels, and total cholesterol levels. Mechanistically, IPE enhances insulin signaling by increasing insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) phosphorylation and improving glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. : These results offer important new information on the potential of D-pinitol and IPE as functional foods for improving insulin secretion and managing metabolic dysregulation associated with diabetes.
冰叶日中花是一种具有多种治疗用途的蔬菜，其中之一是其预防糖尿病的能力。本研究在大鼠胰岛素分泌β细胞系INS-1以及糖尿病大鼠中，研究了冰叶日中花提取物（IPE）及其活性化合物D-松醇的作用机制相关的胰岛素分泌效应。方法：采用葡萄糖刺激胰岛素分泌（GSIS）试验和蛋白质免疫印迹法测量GSIS。在INS-1细胞中测量葡萄糖刺激指数（GSI）以及胰岛素相关信号通路因子的表达水平，包括胰岛素受体底物-2（IRS-2）、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶（PI3K）、蛋白激酶B（Akt）和胰腺十二指肠同源盒-1（PDX-1）。结果：结果显示，IPE（25μg/mL）和D-松醇（100μM）的GSI值分别为8.17±0.22和12.21±0.22。GSI值有统计学显著升高。此外，IPE和D-松醇上调了胰岛素相关信号通路因子的表达。这些发现表明，IPE和D-松醇在INS-1细胞中显著刺激胰岛素分泌，部分是通过上调IRS-2、PI3K、Akt和PDX-1的表达。此外，给予IPE可显著减少体重过度增加，并通过降低口服葡萄糖耐量试验曲线下面积（OGTT-AUC）改善葡萄糖耐量。它通过降低血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、甘油三酯水平和总胆固醇水平，显示出改善肝功能和降低血脂的作用。机制上，IPE通过增加胰岛素受体底物1（IRS-1）磷酸化、改善葡萄糖代谢和胰岛素敏感性来增强胰岛素信号传导。结论：这些结果为D-松醇和IPE作为改善胰岛素分泌及管理与糖尿病相关的代谢失调的功能性食品的潜力提供了重要的新信息。
