Won Jiwoong, Iwase Masami
Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo 120-8551, Japan.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Dec 27;25(1):113. doi: 10.3390/s25010113.
As robots become increasingly integrated into human society, the importance of human-machine interfaces continues to grow. This study proposes a faster and more accurate control system for myoelectric prostheses by considering the Electromechanical Delay (EMD), a key characteristic of Electromyography (EMG) signals. Previous studies have focused on systems designed for wrist movements without attempting implementation. To overcome this, we expanded the system's capability to handle more complex movements, such as those of fingers, by replacing the existing four-channel wired EMG sensor with an eight-channel wireless EMG sensor. This replacement improved the number of channels and user convenience. Additionally, we analyzed the communication delay introduced by this change and validated the feasibility of utilizing EMD. Furthermore, to address the limitations of the SISO-NARX model, we proposed a MISO-NARX model. To resolve issues related to model complexity and reduced accuracy due to the increased number of EMG channels, we introduced ridge regression, improving the system identification accuracy. Finally, we applied the ZPETC+PID controller to an actual servo motor and verified its performance. The results showed that the system reached the target value approximately 0.240 s faster than the response time of 0.428 s without the controller. This study significantly enhances the responsiveness and accuracy of myoelectric prostheses and is expected to contribute to the development of practical devices in the future.
随着机器人越来越融入人类社会,人机接口的重要性持续增长。本研究通过考虑肌电图(EMG)信号的关键特性——机电延迟(EMD),提出了一种用于肌电假肢的更快、更准确的控制系统。以往的研究主要集中在为手腕运动设计的系统,并未尝试实际应用。为克服这一问题,我们通过用八通道无线EMG传感器替换现有的四通道有线EMG传感器,扩展了系统处理更复杂运动(如手指运动)的能力。这一替换增加了通道数量并提高了用户便利性。此外,我们分析了这一变化带来的通信延迟,并验证了利用EMD的可行性。此外,为解决单输入单输出非线性自回归外生(SISO-NARX)模型的局限性,我们提出了多输入单输出非线性自回归外生(MISO-NARX)模型。为解决因EMG通道数量增加导致的模型复杂性和精度降低问题,我们引入了岭回归,提高了系统辨识精度。最后,我们将零相位误差跟踪控制器(ZPETC)+比例积分微分(PID)控制器应用于实际伺服电机并验证了其性能。结果表明,该系统比无控制器时0.428 s的响应时间快约0.240 s达到目标值。本研究显著提高了肌电假肢的响应速度和精度,有望为未来实用设备的开发做出贡献。