Li Xuefeng, Li Qing, Xiang Xinrong, Zhang Xin, Wu Yu
Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Cytokine. 2025 Mar;187:156856. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2025.156856. Epub 2025 Jan 11.
Myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) are heterogeneous neoplasms that originate from bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic stem cells. S100A8 and S100A9 (S100A8/9) are crucial molecules involved in the innate immune pathogenesis of MDS. This study aimed to explore the value of these molecules in the differential diagnosis of MDS, and analyze the correlations between their concentrations and clinical characteristics.
We measured the concentrations of S100A8/9 in BM supernatant from patients newly diagnosed with MDS (n = 80) or aplastic anemia (AA) (n = 26) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlations between clinical characteristics and S100A8/9 were explored based on patients' clinical information.
Our study found the concentrations of S100A8/9 in the BM supernatant of MDS patients were significantly higher than those in AA patients (Both P < 0.05). The concentrations of S100A8/9 in the group of very low/low/partial intermediate (IPSS-R score ≤ 3.5) risk MDS patients were also higher than those in AA patients (Both P < 0.05). The serial or parallel diagnostic tests combining these two molecules for differentiating IPSS-R score ≤ 3.5 MDS and AA yielded high positive or negative predictive values, respectively. Moreover, the concentrations of S100A8/9 in MDS patients were positively correlated with the patients' age and the proportion of granulocytic series in BM (All P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the concentrations of the two molecules had significantly negative correlations with the proportion of erythrocytic series in BM (Both P < 0.05). However, intergroup differences in concentrations of S100A8/9 were not significant among different MDS risk groups, whether by IPSS-R or IPSS-M (All P > 0.05).
The concentrations of S100A8/9 in BM supernatant have potential value in the differential diagnosis of MDS and AA. The correlations between the molecules' concentrations and clinical characteristics could provide new perspectives for future research in MDS.
骨髓增生异常肿瘤（MDS）是起源于骨髓（BM）造血干细胞的异质性肿瘤。S100A8和S100A9（S100A8/9）是参与MDS固有免疫发病机制的关键分子。本研究旨在探讨这些分子在MDS鉴别诊断中的价值，并分析其浓度与临床特征之间的相关性。
我们采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法测量新诊断的MDS患者（n = 80）或再生障碍性贫血（AA）患者（n = 26）骨髓上清液中S100A8/9的浓度。基于患者的临床信息，探讨临床特征与S100A8/9之间的相关性。
我们的研究发现，MDS患者骨髓上清液中S100A8/9的浓度显著高于AA患者（P均<0.05）。极低/低/部分中危（IPSS-R评分≤3.5）MDS患者组中S100A8/9的浓度也高于AA患者（P均<0.05）。联合这两种分子进行系列或平行诊断试验以鉴别IPSS-R评分≤3.5的MDS和AA，分别产生了较高的阳性或阴性预测值。此外，MDS患者中S100A8/9的浓度与患者年龄及骨髓中粒细胞系列比例呈正相关（P均<0.05）。同时，这两种分子的浓度与骨髓中红细胞系列比例呈显著负相关（P均<0.05）。然而，无论采用IPSS-R还是IPSS-M，不同MDS风险组之间S100A8/9浓度的组间差异均不显著（P均>0.05）。
骨髓上清液中S100A8/9的浓度在MDS和AA的鉴别诊断中具有潜在价值。这些分子浓度与临床特征之间的相关性可为未来MDS研究提供新的视角。
