Villegas Díaz Diego, Guerrero Alvarado Gabriela, López Medina Alan, Gómez Clavel José Francisco, García Muñoz Alejandro
Aragon Dental Clinic, Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 057130 Nezahualcóyotl, EM, Mexico.
Research Laboratory in Dental Education, Dental Surgeon Career, FES Iztacala, UNAM, 54090 Tlalnepantla, EM, Mexico.
J Oral Facial Pain Headache. 2024 Sep;38(3):32-37. doi: 10.22514/jofph.2024.024. Epub 2024 Sep 12.
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) usually affects the maxillary and mandibular branches of the fifth cranial nerve. Although the condition is primarily unilateral, few cases of bilateral manifestation have been reported. TN is uncommon; however, it significantly affects patients' quality of life because the neuropathic pain worsens over time. Paroxysmal pain is triggered by mechanical stimuli or environmental factors. Diagnosis is usually based on clinical findings, including pain triggered by palpation of distinct areas; nevertheless, imaging studies, such as magnetic resonance imaging, are always used to rule out a secondary cause. TN can be caused by several factors, such as trauma and neurovascular compression, or could be idiopathic, which complicates its treatment. Although several studies focused on TN have been reported, a treatment modality with 100% efficacy is lacking. The first-line treatment is pharmacological; however, surgery may be required if symptoms persist.
三叉神经痛（TN）通常影响第五对脑神经的上颌支和下颌支。虽然该病主要为单侧发病，但双侧表现的病例也有少量报道。TN并不常见；然而，它会显著影响患者的生活质量，因为神经病理性疼痛会随着时间的推移而加重。阵发性疼痛由机械刺激或环境因素触发。诊断通常基于临床表现，包括触诊特定区域引发的疼痛；不过，影像学检查，如磁共振成像，总是用于排除继发性病因。TN可由多种因素引起，如外伤和神经血管压迫，也可能是特发性的，这使其治疗变得复杂。虽然已经报道了几项关于TN的研究，但仍缺乏100%有效的治疗方式。一线治疗是药物治疗；然而，如果症状持续，则可能需要手术治疗。
