Assari Shervin
Departments of Urban Public Health, Internal Medicine, and Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
AIMS Public Health. 2024 Dec 11;11(4):1157-1171. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2024060. eCollection 2024.
The Family Income-to-Poverty-Ratio (FIPR) is a recognized indicator of socioeconomic status, and influences a wide range of health and behavioral outcomes. Yet, marginalized and racialized groups, particularly Black individuals, may not reap comparable health benefits from their socioeconomic advancements as their non-Hispanic, White counterparts. This discrepancy is indicative of a phenomenon known as the minorities' diminished returns.
This study investigates the differential impact of the FIPR on depression, obesity, tobacco use, and e-cigarette use between Black and White adults.
Using data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), which included 21,354 non-Hispanic adults from both White and Black racial groups, this research employed structural equation modeling to assess the relationship between the FIPR and health outcomes, including depression, obesity, and e-cigarette use.
The analysis identified significant interactions between FIPR and race across all the examined outcomes. Contrary to expectations, the findings suggest that the protective effects of higher income levels on health and healthy behaviors are less pronounced for Black individuals compared to White individuals.
The study underscores the substantial societal and environmental barriers that hinder Black families and individuals from converting their FIPR and socioeconomic resources into concrete health benefits, such as an enhanced mental and physical well-being. To redress these racial health disparities, targeted interventions are crucial, particularly those that focus on bridging the employment and marriage rate gaps caused by educational disparities among Black communities. A comprehensive approach that extends beyond simple access to education is imperative to eliminate the societal obstacles that limit the socioeconomic benefits for Black populations.
家庭收入与贫困比率（FIPR）是社会经济地位的一个公认指标，并影响广泛的健康和行为结果。然而，边缘化和种族化群体，特别是黑人个体，可能无法像非西班牙裔白人同龄人那样从其社会经济进步中获得同等的健康益处。这种差异表明了一种被称为少数群体回报递减的现象。
本研究调查了FIPR对黑人和白人成年人在抑郁、肥胖、烟草使用和电子烟使用方面的差异影响。
利用2022年国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）的数据，该调查包括来自白人和黑人种族群体的21354名非西班牙裔成年人，本研究采用结构方程模型来评估FIPR与健康结果之间的关系，包括抑郁、肥胖和电子烟使用。
分析发现在所有检查的结果中，FIPR与种族之间存在显著的相互作用。与预期相反，研究结果表明，与白人相比，较高收入水平对黑人健康和健康行为的保护作用不那么明显。
该研究强调了巨大的社会和环境障碍，这些障碍阻碍了黑人家庭和个体将他们的FIPR和社会经济资源转化为具体的健康益处，如增强身心健康。为了纠正这些种族健康差异，有针对性的干预措施至关重要，特别是那些专注于弥合黑人社区教育差异导致的就业和结婚率差距的措施。一种超越简单获得教育机会的综合方法对于消除限制黑人人口社会经济利益的社会障碍至关重要。
