Wu Han, Chen Shi, Li Xiang, Li Yuyang, Shi He, Qing Yiwen, Shi Bohe, Tang Yifei, Yan Zhuoyi, Hao Yang, Wang Dongxu, Liu Weiwei
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University, Changchun Jilin province China.
Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University, Changchun Jilin provincle China.
MedComm (2020). 2025 Jan 10;6(1):e70042. doi: 10.1002/mco2.70042. eCollection 2025 Jan.
RNA modifications are emerging as critical cancer regulators that influence tumorigenesis and progression. Key modifications, such as N6-methyladenosine (mA) and 5-methylcytosine (mC), are implicated in various cellular processes. These modifications are regulated by proteins that write, erase, and read RNA and modulate RNA stability, splicing, translation, and degradation. Recent studies have highlighted their roles in metabolic reprogramming, signaling pathways, and cell cycle control, which are essential for tumor proliferation and survival. Despite these scientific advances, the precise mechanisms by which RNA modifications affect cancer remain inadequately understood. This review comprehensively examines the role RNA modifications play in cancer proliferation, metastasis, and programmed cell death, including apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. It explores their effects on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the immune microenvironment, particularly in cancer metastasis. Furthermore, RNA modifications' potential in cancer therapies, including conventional treatments, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies, is discussed. By addressing these aspects, this review aims to bridge current research gaps and underscore the therapeutic potential of targeting RNA modifications to improve cancer treatment strategies and patient outcomes.
RNA修饰正逐渐成为影响肿瘤发生和进展的关键癌症调节因子。关键修饰，如N6-甲基腺苷（mA）和5-甲基胞嘧啶（mC），参与多种细胞过程。这些修饰由写入、擦除和读取RNA的蛋白质调控，并调节RNA的稳定性、剪接、翻译和降解。最近的研究强调了它们在代谢重编程、信号通路和细胞周期控制中的作用，这些对肿瘤增殖和存活至关重要。尽管有这些科学进展，但RNA修饰影响癌症的确切机制仍未得到充分理解。本综述全面探讨了RNA修饰在癌症增殖、转移和程序性细胞死亡（包括凋亡、自噬和铁死亡）中的作用。它探讨了它们对上皮-间质转化（EMT）和免疫微环境的影响，特别是在癌症转移方面。此外，还讨论了RNA修饰在癌症治疗中的潜力，包括传统治疗、免疫治疗和靶向治疗。通过阐述这些方面，本综述旨在弥补当前研究空白，并强调靶向RNA修饰以改善癌症治疗策略和患者预后的治疗潜力。
