Hossain Intekhab, Jardine Hannah, Bonia Keeran, Evans Bradley
Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, CAN.
Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, CAN.
Cureus. 2024 Dec 13;16(12):e75635. doi: 10.7759/cureus.75635. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Concurrent malignant biliary and gastric outlet obstruction requires urgent palliative intervention to improve patient quality of life and permit systemic therapy. Traditional management has been surgical gastrojejunostomy and hepaticojejunostomy, two morbid procedures. Comparatively, endoscopic stenting can relieve both sites of obstruction with less complications and quicker recovery. In patients with previous plastic biliary stents in situ, it is crucial for subsequent bilioduodenal obstructions to be managed with proper sequencing and precise stent placement to achieve successful bilioduodenal patency. We report a case of a 53-year-old male patient who presented with simultaneous jaundice secondary to blocked biliary stent and vomiting due to gastric outlet obstruction at the first part of the duodenum on background of unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Fourteen months prior, he had a plastic endobiliary stent placed for biliary obstruction secondary to choledocholithiasis, but intraprocedural cholangiogram also revealed a distal common bile stricture with subsequent investigations revealing unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma for which he underwent palliative chemotherapy. Duodenal stricture dilation with subsequent duodenal self-expanding metal stent was placed under direct endoscopic vision precisely proximal to the blocked biliary stent. After 48 hours, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was then performed through the duodenal stent to exchange the blocked plastic biliary stent for a metal biliary stent. The patient had prompt relief of jaundice and tolerated oral intake by date of discharge post-procedure day two and was initiated on chemotherapy on post-procedure day 12. Endoscopic stenting of concomitant biliary and gastric outlet obstruction can be successful in patients with occluded indwelling plastic biliary stents.
同时存在的恶性胆管和胃出口梗阻需要紧急的姑息性干预,以提高患者生活质量并允许进行全身治疗。传统的治疗方法是外科胃空肠吻合术和肝空肠吻合术,这两种手术都有较大创伤。相比之下,内镜支架置入术可以缓解两个部位的梗阻,并发症更少,恢复更快。对于先前已置入塑料胆管支架的患者,后续胆管十二指肠梗阻的处理至关重要,需要通过适当的顺序安排和精确的支架置入来实现成功的胆管十二指肠通畅。我们报告一例53岁男性患者,其因不可切除的胰腺腺癌,出现了因胆管支架堵塞继发的黄疸以及十二指肠第一部胃出口梗阻导致的呕吐。14个月前,他因胆总管结石继发胆管梗阻置入了塑料胆管内支架,但术中胆管造影还显示了胆总管远端狭窄,后续检查发现为不可切除的胰腺腺癌,为此他接受了姑息化疗。在直视内镜下,于堵塞的胆管支架近端精确地置入十二指肠自膨式金属支架并进行十二指肠狭窄扩张。48小时后,通过十二指肠支架进行内镜逆行胰胆管造影,将堵塞的塑料胆管支架更换为金属胆管支架。患者黄疸迅速缓解,术后第二天出院时能够耐受经口进食,并于术后第12天开始化疗。对于留置塑料胆管支架堵塞的患者,内镜下同时置入胆管和胃出口支架可能会取得成功。