Roberts K, Rankin P M
Cotton Exchange Chambers, Liverpool, UK.
Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2025 Apr;30(2):419-435. doi: 10.1177/13591045251314906. Epub 2025 Jan 13.
ObjectiveAnxiety rates amongst autistic youth range from 11% to 84%. While Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment of anxiety in neurotypical youth, there are concerns autistic youth lack the cognitive resources necessary to effectively engage with CBT. It is also unclear whether standard or adapted CBT is more effective. This review aims to compare the effects of standard and adapted CBT in the treatment of anxiety in autistic youth.MethodsArticles were searched across three online databases. 24 articles were selected for final review. All articles were published between 2008 and 2024. Total sample size was 1,140 and participant age ranged from 4-18 years. Various designs, settings, and CBT formats were incorporated.ResultsWhen treating anxiety in autistic youth, standard CBT is effective although CBT adapted to accommodate the autism-related needs of the youth appears more effective, with gains maintained up to 26 months post-treatment. Statistical analysis was not significant.ConclusionsStandard and adapted CBT are effective treatments of anxiety in autistic youth. To optimise outcomes, it may be important to consider the common cognitive styles associated with autism and adapt the therapeutic intervention accordingly. However, there is not yet statistical evidence for this hypothesis.
目的
自闭症青少年的焦虑率在11%至84%之间。虽然认知行为疗法（CBT）是治疗神经典型青少年焦虑的有效方法，但有人担心自闭症青少年缺乏有效参与CBT所需的认知资源。标准CBT和适应性CBT哪种更有效也尚不清楚。本综述旨在比较标准CBT和适应性CBT在治疗自闭症青少年焦虑方面的效果。
方法
在三个在线数据库中搜索文章。最终筛选出24篇文章进行综述。所有文章均发表于2008年至2024年之间。总样本量为1140，参与者年龄在4至18岁之间。纳入了各种设计、环境和CBT形式。
结果
在治疗自闭症青少年焦虑时，标准CBT是有效的，不过，适应青少年自闭症相关需求的CBT似乎更有效，治疗后长达26个月仍能保持改善效果。统计分析无显著差异。
结论
标准CBT和适应性CBT都是治疗自闭症青少年焦虑的有效方法。为了优化治疗效果，考虑与自闭症相关的常见认知风格并相应调整治疗干预可能很重要。然而，这一假设尚无统计证据。
