Scott Parker, Cabarcas Brandon, Kang Louis, Hevesi Mario, Krych Aaron J
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, 55905, Rochester, MN, USA.
Orthopadie (Heidelb). 2025 May;54(5):368-375. doi: 10.1007/s00132-024-04595-3. Epub 2025 Jan 14.
Subchondral insufficiency fractures of the knee (SIFK) are a relatively common cause of knee pain, particularly in middle-aged and older adults. The SIFK is a type of stress fracture that occurs when excessive and repetitive or supraphysiologic loads are applied to subchondral bone [1]. Historically, this type of fracture was termed spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SONK) until advances in MRI identified underlying fractures as well as meniscal deficiency as likely attributable etiologies. Consequently, SIFK has replaced SONK as the more appropriate term to refer to this category of conditions, with SONK now viewed as an advanced SIFK lesion. With greater availability of MRI, SIFK has been more frequently recognized and not as commonly mistaken for knee osteoarthritis as it had been in the past, with important implications for treatment and management of this condition.
膝关节软骨下不全骨折（SIFK）是膝关节疼痛的一个相对常见原因，尤其在中老年人中。SIFK是一种应力性骨折，当软骨下骨受到过度、重复或超生理负荷时发生[1]。从历史上看，这种骨折类型曾被称为膝关节自发性骨坏死（SONK），直到MRI技术的进步发现了潜在骨折以及半月板缺损可能是病因。因此，SIFK已取代SONK成为指代这类病症的更合适术语，SONK现在被视为一种晚期SIFK病变。随着MRI的更广泛应用，SIFK得到了更频繁的识别，并且不像过去那样常被误诊为膝关节骨关节炎，这对该病症的治疗和管理具有重要意义。
