应对2019年全球十大死因对预期寿命的影响：一项全球和区域分析
The effect of addressing the top 10 global causes of death on life expectancy in 2019: a global and regional analysis.
作者信息
Shahbazi Fatemeh, Moslehi Samad, Mirzaei Zahra, Mohammadi Younes
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Occupational Health and Safety Research Center, Health Sciences and Technology Research Institute, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
出版信息
Int Health. 2025 Jul 1;17(4):517-526. doi: 10.1093/inthealth/ihae091.
BACKGROUND
The life expectancy (LE) index reflects health changes in society, highlighting trends in health quality and quantity. This study focused on analysing the impact of the top 10 causes of death on the global increase in LE in 2019.
METHODS
Data on the top 10 causes of death in 2019 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease website and a period life table was used to assess how eliminating these causes would impact LE.
RESULTS
At the global level, eliminating deaths from ischaemic heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lower respiratory infections, neonatal conditions, lung cancers, Alzheimer's disease, diarrheal diseases, diabetes mellitus and kidney diseases resulted in an increase in LE at birth of 2.44, 1.64, 0.75, 0.80, 4.06, 0.48, 0.36, 0.52, 0.36 and 0.35 y, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The analysis reveals a gender gap in LE influenced by specific causes of death and regional differences. Therefore, public health policies should be customized for each area to target reductions in deaths that significantly improve LE.
背景
预期寿命（LE）指数反映了社会中的健康变化，突出了健康质量和数量的趋势。本研究重点分析了2019年全球十大死因对预期寿命增长的影响。
方法
从全球疾病负担网站获取2019年十大死因的数据，并使用时期生命表来评估消除这些死因将如何影响预期寿命。
结果
在全球层面，消除缺血性心脏病、中风、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、下呼吸道感染、新生儿疾病、肺癌、阿尔茨海默病、腹泻病、糖尿病和肾脏疾病导致的死亡，分别使出生时预期寿命增加2.44、1.64、0.75、0.80、4.06、0.48、0.36、0.52、0.36和0.35岁。
结论
分析揭示了受特定死因和地区差异影响的预期寿命性别差距。因此，应针对每个地区制定公共卫生政策，以减少那些能显著提高预期寿命的死亡原因。
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