Lin Xiaoying, Xu Yiyuan, Fan Chunmei, Zhang Guanbin
Department of Research and Development, Fujian CapitalBio Medical Laboratory, Fuzhou, 350100, China.
Clinical Lab and Medical Diagnostics Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Dec 14;11(1):e41203. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41203. eCollection 2025 Jan 15.
Presbycusis, also referred to as age-related hearing loss, poses a substantial burden on both individuals and society. The hallmark of presbycusis is a progressive decrease in auditory sensitivity. Irreversible hearing loss occurs due to the limited regenerative capacity of spiral neurons and peripheral cochlear hair cells (HCs). Although hearing aids and cochlear implantations (CIs) are established approaches for alleviating symptoms of presbycusis, there are currently no preventive or curative measures available. This article provides a comprehensive discussion on the research progress pertaining to the classification, molecular mechanism, genetic susceptibility, as well as the applications and prospects of diverse therapeutic interventions of presbycusis. Building upon these discussions, promising interventions like gene therapy and stem cell (SC) therapy are proposed for their potential value in restoring cochlear function; thus aiming to pave new avenues for prevention and cure of presbycusis.
老年性聋，也称为年龄相关性听力损失，给个人和社会都带来了沉重负担。老年性聋的标志是听觉敏感性逐渐下降。由于螺旋神经元和外周耳蜗毛细胞（HCs）的再生能力有限，会发生不可逆的听力损失。尽管助听器和人工耳蜗植入（CIs）是缓解老年性聋症状的既定方法，但目前尚无预防或治愈措施。本文全面讨论了老年性聋的分类、分子机制、遗传易感性以及各种治疗干预措施的应用和前景等方面的研究进展。基于这些讨论，提出了基因治疗和干细胞（SC）治疗等有前景的干预措施，因其在恢复耳蜗功能方面的潜在价值；从而旨在为老年性聋的预防和治疗开辟新途径。
