Huang Shijia, Li Ertong, Jia Fangshuai, Han Zhifu, Chai Jijie
School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pingyuan Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2025 Feb;90:102977. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2024.102977. Epub 2025 Jan 13.
Nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins are essential intracellular immune receptors in both animal and plant kingdoms. Sensing of pathogen-derived signals induces oligomerization of NLR proteins, culminating in the formation of higher-order protein complexes known as resistosomes in plants. The NLR resistosomes play a pivotal role in mediating the plant immune response against invading pathogens. Over the past few years, our understanding of NLR biology has significantly advanced, particularly in the structural and biochemical aspects of the NLR resistosomes. Here, we highlight the recent advancements in the structural knowledge of how NLR resistosomes are activated and assembled, and how the structural knowledge provides insights into the biochemical functions of these NLR resistosomes, which converge on Ca signals. Signaling mechanisms of the resistosomes that underpin plant immunity are also briefly discussed.
核苷酸结合富含亮氨酸重复序列（NLR）蛋白是动物和植物界中重要的细胞内免疫受体。对病原体衍生信号的感知会诱导NLR蛋白寡聚化，最终在植物中形成称为抗病小体的高阶蛋白复合物。NLR抗病小体在介导植物对入侵病原体的免疫反应中起关键作用。在过去几年中，我们对NLR生物学的理解有了显著进展，特别是在NLR抗病小体的结构和生化方面。在这里，我们重点介绍了关于NLR抗病小体如何被激活和组装的结构知识的最新进展，以及这些结构知识如何为这些NLR抗病小体的生化功能提供见解，这些功能都集中在钙信号上。还简要讨论了支撑植物免疫的抗病小体的信号传导机制。
